Re: The Controversy Ended

[Bill M]

You should change your brand of 'pot'. Its addling your brain!

"brotolemeus" <djunus0724@verizon.net> wrote in message
news:ghu6i.10899$296.4280@newsread4.news.pas.earthlink.net...
> The Controversy Ended
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> At the close of the thousand years, Christ again returns to the earth. He
> is accompanied by the host of the redeemed and attended by a retinue of
> angels. As He descends in terrific majesty He bids the wicked dead arise
> to receive their doom. They come forth, a mighty host, numberless as the
> sands of the sea. What a contrast to those who were raised at the first
> resurrection! The righteous were clothed with immortal youth and beauty.
> The wicked bear the traces of disease and death.
>
> Every eye in that vast multitude is turned to behold the glory of the Son
> of God. With one voice the wicked hosts exclaim: "Blessed is He that
> cometh in the name of the Lord!" It is not love to Jesus that inspires
> this utterance. The force of truth urges the words from unwilling lips. As
> the wicked went into their graves, so they come forth with the same enmity
> to Christ and the same spirit of rebellion. They are to have no new
> probation in which to remedy the defects of their past lives. Nothing
> would be gained by this. A lifetime of transgression has not softened
> their hearts. A second probation, were it given them, would be occupied as
> was the first in evading the requirements of God and exciting rebellion
> against Him.
>
> Christ descends upon the Mount of Olives, whence, after His resurrection,
> He ascended, and where angels repeated the promise of His return. Says the
> prophet: "The Lord my God
>
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>
> shall come, and all the saints with Thee." "And His feet shall stand in
> that day upon the Mount of Olives, which is before Jerusalem on the east,
> and the Mount of Olives shall cleave in the midst thereof, . . . and there
> shall be a very great valley." "And the Lord shall be king over all the
> earth: in that day shall there be one Lord, and His name one." Zechariah
> 14:5, 4, 9. As the New Jerusalem, in its dazzling splendor, comes down out
> of heaven, it rests upon the place purified and made ready to receive it,
> and Christ, with His people and the angels, enters the Holy City.
>
> Now Satan prepares for a last mighty struggle for the supremacy. While
> deprived of his power and cut off from his work of deception, the prince
> of evil was miserable and dejected; but as the wicked dead are raised and
> he sees the vast multitudes upon his side, his hopes revive, and he
> determines not to yield the great controversy. He will marshal all the
> armies of the lost under his banner and through them endeavor to execute
> his plans. The wicked are Satan's captives. In rejecting Christ they have
> accepted the rule of the rebel leader. They are ready to receive his
> suggestions and to do his bidding. Yet, true to his early cunning, he does
> not acknowledge himself to be Satan. He claims to be the prince who is the
> rightful owner of the world and whose inheritance has been unlawfully
> wrested from him. He represents himself to his deluded subjects as a
> redeemer, assuring them that his power has brought them forth from their
> graves and that he is about to rescue them from the most cruel tyranny.
> The presence of Christ having been removed, Satan works wonders to support
> his claims. He makes the weak strong and inspires all with his own spirit
> and energy. He proposes to lead them against the camp of the saints and to
> take possession of the City of God. With fiendish exultation he points to
> the unnumbered millions who have been raised from the dead and declares
> that as their leader he is well able to overthrow the city and regain his
> throne and his kingdom.
>
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>
> In that vast throng are multitudes of the long-lived race that existed
> before the Flood; men of lofty stature and giant intellect, who, yielding
> to the control of fallen angels, devoted all their skill and knowledge to
> the exaltation of themselves; men whose wonderful works of art led the
> world to idolize their genius, but whose cruelty and evil inventions,
> defiling the earth and defacing the image of God, caused Him to blot them
> from the face of His creation. There are kings and generals who conquered
> nations, valiant men who never lost a battle, proud, ambitious warriors
> whose approach made kingdoms tremble. In death these experienced no
> change. As they come up from the grave, they resume the current of their
> thoughts just where it ceased. They are actuated by the same desire to
> conquer that ruled them when they fell.
>
> Satan consults with his angels, and then with these kings and conquerors
> and mighty men. They look upon the strength and numbers on their side, and
> declare that the army within the city is small in comparison with theirs,
> and that it can be overcome. They lay their plans to take possession of
> the riches and glory of the New Jerusalem. All immediately begin to
> prepare for battle. Skillful artisans construct implements of war.
> Military leaders, famed for their success, marshal the throngs of warlike
> men into companies and divisions.
>
> At last the order to advance is given, and the countless host moves on--an
> army such as was never summoned by earthly conquerors, such as the
> combined forces of all ages since war began on earth could never equal.
> Satan, the mightiest of warriors, leads the van, and his angels unite
> their forces for this final struggle. Kings and warriors are in his train,
> and the multitudes follow in vast companies, each under its appointed
> leader. With military precision the serried ranks advance over the earth's
> broken and uneven surface to the City of God. By command of Jesus, the
> gates of the New Jerusalem are closed, and the armies of Satan surround
> the city and make ready for the onset.
>
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>
> Now Christ again appears to the view of His enemies. Far above the city,
> upon a foundation of burnished gold, is a throne, high and lifted up. Upon
> this throne sits the Son of God, and around Him are the subjects of His
> kingdom. The power and majesty of Christ no language can describe, no pen
> portray. The glory of the Eternal Father is enshrouding His Son. The
> brightness of His presence fills the City of God, and flows out beyond the
> gates, flooding the whole earth with its radiance.
>
> Nearest the throne are those who were once zealous in the cause of Satan,
> but who, plucked as brands from the burning, have followed their Saviour
> with deep, intense devotion. Next are those who perfected Christian
> characters in the midst of falsehood and infidelity, those who honored the
> law of God when the Christian world declared it void, and the millions, of
> all ages, who were martyred for their faith. And beyond is the "great
> multitude, which no man could number, of all nations, and kindreds, and
> people, and tongues, . . . before the throne, and before the Lamb, clothed
> with white robes, and palms in their hands." Revelation 7:9. Their warfare
> is ended, their victory won. They have run the race and reached the prize.
> The palm branch in their hands is a symbol of their triumph, the white
> robe an emblem of the spotless righteousness of Christ which now is
> theirs.
>
> The redeemed raise a song of praise that echoes and re-echoes through the
> vaults of heaven: "Salvation to our God which sitteth upon the throne, and
> unto the Lamb." Verse 10. And angel and seraph unite their voices in
> adoration. As the redeemed have beheld the power and malignity of Satan,
> they have seen, as never before, that no power but that of Christ could
> have made them conquerors. In all that shining throng there are none to
> ascribe salvation to themselves, as if they had prevailed by their own
> power and goodness. Nothing is said of what they have done or suffered;
> but the burden of every song, the keynote of every anthem, is: Salvation
> to our God and unto the Lamb.
>
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>
> In the presence of the assembled inhabitants of earth and heaven the final
> coronation of the Son of God takes place. And now, invested with supreme
> majesty and power, the King of kings pronounces sentence upon the rebels
> against His government and executes justice upon those who have
> transgressed His law and oppressed His people. Says the prophet of God: "I
> saw a great white throne, and Him that sat on it, from whose face the
> earth and the heaven fled away; and there was found no place for them. And
> I saw the dead, small and great, stand before God; and the books were
> opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life: and the
> dead were judged out of those things which were written in the books,
> according to their works." Revelation 20:11, 12.
>
> As soon as the books of record are opened, and the eye of Jesus looks upon
> the wicked, they are conscious of every sin which they have ever
> committed. They see just where their feet diverged from the path of purity
> and holiness, just how far pride and rebellion have carried them in the
> violation of the law of God. The seductive temptations which they
> encouraged by indulgence in sin, the blessings perverted, the messengers
> of God despised, the warnings rejected, the waves of mercy beaten back by
> the stubborn, unrepentant heart--all appear as if written in letters of
> fire.
>
> Above the throne is revealed the cross; and like a panoramic view appear
> the scenes of Adam's temptation and fall, and the successive steps in the
> great plan of redemption. The Saviour's lowly birth; His early life of
> simplicity and obedience; His baptism in Jordan; the fast and temptation
> in the wilderness; His public ministry, unfolding to men heaven's most
> precious blessings; the days crowded with deeds of love and mercy, the
> nights of prayer and watching in the solitude of the mountains; the
> plottings of envy, hate, and malice which repaid His benefits; the awful,
> mysterious agony in Gethsemane beneath the crushing weight of the sins of
> the whole world; His betrayal into the hands of the murderous
>
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>
> mob; the fearful events of that night of horror--the unresisting prisoner,
> forsaken by His best-loved disciples, rudely hurried through the streets
> of Jerusalem; the Son of God exultingly displayed before Annas, arraigned
> in the high priest's palace, in the judgment hall of Pilate, before the
> cowardly and cruel Herod, mocked, insulted, tortured, and condemned to
> die--all are vividly portrayed.
>
> And now before the swaying multitude are revealed the final scenes--the
> patient Sufferer treading the path to Calvary; the Prince of heaven
> hanging upon the cross; the haughty priests and the jeering rabble
> deriding His expiring agony; the supernatural darkness; the heaving earth,
> the rent rocks, the open graves, marking the moment when the world's
> Redeemer yielded up His life.
>
> The awful spectacle appears just as it was. Satan, his angels, and his
> subjects have no power to turn from the picture of their own work. Each
> actor recalls the part which he performed. Herod, who slew the innocent
> children of Bethlehem that he might destroy the King of Israel; the base
> Herodias, upon whose guilty soul rests the blood of John the Baptist; the
> weak, timeserving Pilate; the mocking soldiers; the priests and rulers and
> the maddened throng who cried, "His blood be on us, and on our
> children!"--all behold the enormity of their guilt. They vainly seek to
> hide from the divine majesty of His countenance, outshining the glory of
> the sun, while the redeemed cast their crowns at the Saviour's feet,
> exclaiming: "He died for me!"
>
> Amid the ransomed throng are the apostles of Christ, the heroic Paul, the
> ardent Peter, the loved and loving John, and their truehearted brethren,
> and with them the vast host of martyrs; while outside the walls, with
> every vile and abominable thing, are those by whom they were persecuted,
> imprisoned, and slain. There is Nero, that monster of cruelty and vice,
> beholding the joy and exaltation of those whom he once tortured, and in
> whose extremest anguish he found satanic delight. His mother is there to
> witness the result of
>
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>
> her own work; to see how the evil stamp of character transmitted to her
> son, the passions encouraged and developed by her influence and example,
> have borne fruit in crimes that caused the world to shudder.
>
> There are papist priests and prelates, who claimed to be Christ's
> ambassadors, yet employed the rack, the dungeon, and the stake to control
> the consciences of His people. There are the proud pontiffs who exalted
> themselves above God and presumed to change the law of the Most High.
> Those pretended fathers of the church have an account to render to God
> from which they would fain be excused. Too late they are made to see that
> the Omniscient One is jealous of His law and that He will in no wise clear
> the guilty. They learn now that Christ identifies His interest with that
> of His suffering people; and they feel the force of His own words:
> "Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these My brethren,
> ye have done it unto Me." Matthew 25:40.
>
> The whole wicked world stand arraigned at the bar of God on the charge of
> high treason against the government of heaven. They have none to plead
> their cause; they are without excuse; and the sentence of eternal death is
> pronounced against them.
>
> It is now evident to all that the wages of sin is not noble independence
> and eternal life, but slavery, ruin, and death. The wicked see what they
> have forfeited by their life of rebellion. The far more exceeding and
> eternal weight of glory was despised when offered them; but how desirable
> it now appears. "All this," cries the lost soul, "I might have had; but I
> chose to put these things far from me. Oh, strange infatuation! I have
> exchanged peace, happiness, and honor for wretchedness, infamy, and
> despair." All see that their exclusion from heaven is just. By their lives
> they have declared: "We will not have this Man [Jesus] to reign over us."
>
> As if entranced, the wicked have looked upon the coronation of the Son of
> God. They see in His hands the tables of the divine law, the statutes
> which they have despised and
>
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>
> transgressed. They witness the outburst of wonder, rapture, and adoration
> from the saved; and as the wave of melody sweeps over the multitudes
> without the city, all with one voice exclaim, "Great and marvelous are Thy
> works, Lord God Almighty; just and true are Thy ways, Thou King of saints"
> (Revelation 15:3); and, falling prostrate, they worship the Prince of
> life.
>
> Satan seems paralyzed as he beholds the glory and majesty of Christ. He
> who was once a covering cherub remembers whence he has fallen. A shining
> seraph, "son of the morning;" how changed, how degraded! From the council
> where once he was honored, he is forever excluded. He sees another now
> standing near to the Father, veiling His glory. He has seen the crown
> placed upon the head of Christ by an angel of lofty stature and majestic
> presence, and he knows that the exalted position of this angel might have
> been his.
>
> Memory recalls the home of his innocence and purity, the peace and content
> that were his until he indulged in murmuring against God, and envy of
> Christ. His accusations, his rebellion, his deceptions to gain the
> sympathy and support of the angels, his stubborn persistence in making no
> effort for self-recovery when God would have granted him forgiveness --all
> come vividly before him. He reviews his work among men and its
> results--the enmity of man toward his fellow man, the terrible destruction
> of life, the rise and fall of kingdoms, the overturning of thrones, the
> long succession of tumults, conflicts, and revolutions. He recalls his
> constant efforts to oppose the work of Christ and to sink man lower and
> lower. He sees that his hellish plots have been powerless to destroy those
> who have put their trust in Jesus. As Satan looks upon his kingdom, the
> fruit of his toil, he sees only failure and ruin. He has led the
> multitudes to believe that the City of God would be an easy prey; but he
> knows that this is false. Again and again, in the progress of the great
> controversy, he has been defeated and compelled to yield. He knows too
> well the power and majesty of the Eternal.
>
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>
> The aim of the great rebel has ever been to justify himself and to prove
> the divine government responsible for the rebellion. To this end he has
> bent all the power of his giant intellect. He has worked deliberately and
> systematically, and with marvelous success, leading vast multitudes to
> accept his version of the great controversy which has been so long in
> progress. For thousands of years this chief of conspiracy has palmed off
> falsehood for truth. But the time has now come when the rebellion is to be
> finally defeated and the history and character of Satan disclosed. In his
> last great effort to dethrone Christ, destroy His people, and take
> possession of the City of God, the archdeceiver has been fully unmasked.
> Those who have united with him see the total failure of his cause.
> Christ's followers and the loyal angels behold the full extent of his
> machinations against the government of God. He is the object of universal
> abhorrence.
>
> Satan sees that his voluntary rebellion has unfitted him for heaven. He
> has trained his powers to war against God; the purity, peace, and harmony
> of heaven would be to him supreme torture. His accusations against the
> mercy and justice of God are now silenced. The reproach which he has
> endeavored to cast upon Jehovah rests wholly upon himself. And now Satan
> bows down and confesses the justice of his sentence.
>
> "Who shall not fear Thee, O Lord, and glorify Thy name? for Thou only art
> holy: for all nations shall come and worship before Thee; for Thy
> judgments are made manifest." Verse 4. Every question of truth and error
> in the long-standing controversy has now been made plain. The results of
> rebellion, the fruits of setting aside the divine statutes, have been laid
> open to the view of all created intelligences. The working out of Satan's
> rule in contrast with the government of God has been presented to the
> whole universe. Satan's own works have condemned him. God's wisdom, His
> justice, and His goodness stand fully vindicated. It is seen that all His
> dealings in the great controversy have been conducted
>
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>
> with respect to the eternal good of His people and the good of all the
> worlds that He has created. "All Thy works shall praise Thee, O Lord; and
> Thy saints shall bless Thee." Psalm 145:10. The history of sin will stand
> to all eternity as a witness that with the existence of God's law is bound
> up the happiness of all the beings He has created. With all the facts of
> the great controversy in view, the whole universe, both loyal and
> rebellious, with one accord declare: "Just and true are Thy ways, Thou
> King of saints."
>
> Before the universe has been clearly presented the great sacrifice made by
> the Father and the Son in man's behalf. The hour has come when Christ
> occupies His rightful position and is glorified above principalities and
> powers and every name that is named. It was for the joy that was set
> before Him--that He might bring many sons unto glory--that He endured the
> cross and despised the shame. And inconceivably great as was the sorrow
> and the shame, yet greater is the joy and the glory. He looks upon the
> redeemed, renewed in His own image, every heart bearing the perfect
> impress of the divine, every face reflecting the likeness of their King.
> He beholds in them the result of the travail of His soul, and He is
> satisfied. Then, in a voice that reaches the assembled multitudes of the
> righteous and the wicked, He declares: "Behold the purchase of My blood!
> For these I suffered, for these I died, that they might dwell in My
> presence throughout eternal ages." And the song of praise ascends from the
> white-robed ones about the throne: "Worthy is the Lamb that was slain to
> receive power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength, and honor, and glory,
> and blessing." Revelation 5:12.
>
> Notwithstanding that Satan has been constrained to acknowledge God's
> justice and to bow to the supremacy of Christ, his character remains
> unchanged. The spirit of rebellion, like a mighty torrent, again bursts
> forth. Filled with frenzy, he determines not to yield the great
> controversy. The time has come for a last desperate struggle against the
> King
>
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>
> of heaven. He rushes into the midst of his subjects and endeavors to
> inspire them with his own fury and arouse them to instant battle. But of
> all the countless millions whom he has allured into rebellion, there are
> none now to acknowledge his supremacy. His power is at an end. The wicked
> are filled with the same hatred of God that inspires Satan; but they see
> that their case is hopeless, that they cannot prevail against Jehovah.
> Their rage is kindled against Satan and those who have been his agents in
> deception, and with the fury of demons they turn upon them.
>
> Saith the Lord: "Because thou hast set thine heart as the heart of God;
> behold, therefore I will bring strangers upon thee, the terrible of the
> nations: and they shall draw their swords against the beauty of thy
> wisdom, and they shall defile thy brightness. They shall bring thee down
> to the pit." "I will destroy thee, O covering cherub, from the midst of
> the stones of fire. . . . I will cast thee to the ground, I will lay thee
> before kings, that they may behold thee. . . . I will bring thee to ashes
> upon the earth in the sight of all them that behold thee. . . . Thou shalt
> be a terror, and never shalt thou be any more." Ezekiel 28:6-8, 16-19.
>
> "Every battle of the warrior is with confused noise, and garments rolled
> in blood; but this shall be with burning and fuel of fire." "The
> indignation of the Lord is upon all nations, and His fury upon all their
> armies: He hath utterly destroyed them, He hath delivered them to the
> slaughter." "Upon the wicked He shall rain quick burning coals, fire and
> brimstone and an horrible tempest: this shall be the portion of their
> cup." Isaiah 9:5; 34:2; Psalm 11:6, margin. Fire comes down from God out
> of heaven. The earth is broken up. The weapons concealed in its depths are
> drawn forth. Devouring flames burst from every yawning chasm. The very
> rocks are on fire. The day has come that shall burn as an oven. The
> elements melt with fervent heat, the earth also, and the works that are
> therein are burned up. Malachi 4:1; 2 Peter 3:10. The earth's surface
> seems one molten mass--a vast, seething
>
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>
> lake of fire. It is the time of the judgment and perdition of ungodly
> men--"the day of the Lord's vengeance, and the year of recompenses for the
> controversy of Zion." Isaiah 34:8.
>
> The wicked receive their recompense in the earth. Proverbs 11:31. They
> "shall be stubble: and the day that cometh shall burn them up, saith the
> Lord of hosts." Malachi 4:1. Some are destroyed as in a moment, while
> others suffer many days. All are punished "according to their deeds." The
> sins of the righteous having been transferred to Satan, he is made to
> suffer not only for his own rebellion, but for all the sins which he has
> caused God's people to commit. His punishment is to be far greater than
> that of those whom he has deceived. After all have perished who fell by
> his deceptions, he is still to live and suffer on. In the cleansing flames
> the wicked are at last destroyed, root and branch--Satan the root, his
> followers the branches. The full penalty of the law has been visited; the
> demands of justice have been met; and heaven and earth, beholding, declare
> the righteousness of Jehovah.
>
> Satan's work of ruin is forever ended. For six thousand years he has
> wrought his will, filling the earth with woe and causing grief throughout
> the universe. The whole creation has groaned and travailed together in
> pain. Now God's creatures are forever delivered from his presence and
> temptations. "The whole earth is at rest, and is quiet: they [the
> righteous] break forth into singing." Isaiah 14:7. And a shout of praise
> and triumph ascends from the whole loyal universe. "The voice of a great
> multitude," "as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of mighty
> thunderings," is heard, saying: "Alleluia: for the Lord God omnipotent
> reigneth." Revelation 19:6.
>
> While the earth was wrapped in the fire of destruction, the righteous
> abode safely in the Holy City. Upon those that had part in the first
> resurrection, the second death has no power. While God is to the wicked a
> consuming fire, He is to His people both a sun and a shield. Revelation
> 20:6; Psalm 84:11.
>
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>
> "I saw a new heaven and a new earth: for the first heaven and the first
> earth were passed away." Revelation 21:1. The fire that consumes the
> wicked purifies the earth. Every trace of the curse is swept away. No
> eternally burning hell will keep before the ransomed the fearful
> consequences of sin.
>
> One reminder alone remains: Our Redeemer will ever bear the marks of His
> crucifixion. Upon His wounded head, upon His side, His hands and feet, are
> the only traces of the cruel work that sin has wrought. Says the prophet,
> beholding Christ in His glory: "He had bright beams coming out of His
> side: and there was the hiding of His power." Habakkuk 3:4, margin. That
> pierced side whence flowed the crimson stream that reconciled man to
> God--there is the Saviour's glory, there "the hiding of His power."
> "Mighty to save," through the sacrifice of redemption, He was therefore
> strong to execute justice upon them that despised God's mercy. And the
> tokens of His humiliation are His highest honor; through the eternal ages
> the wounds of Calvary will show forth His praise and declare His power.
>
> "O Tower of the flock, the stronghold of the daughter of Zion, unto Thee
> shall it come, even the first dominion." Micah 4:8. The time has come to
> which holy men have looked with longing since the flaming sword barred the
> first pair from Eden, the time for "the redemption of the purchased
> possession." Ephesians 1:14. The earth originally given to man as his
> kingdom, betrayed by him into the hands of Satan, and so long held by the
> mighty foe, has been brought back by the great plan of redemption. All
> that was lost by sin has been restored. "Thus saith the Lord . . . that
> formed the earth and made it; He hath established it, He created it not in
> vain, He formed it to be inhabited." Isaiah 45:18. God's original purpose
> in the creation of the earth is fulfilled as it is made the eternal abode
> of the redeemed. "The righteous shall inherit the land, and dwell therein
> forever." Psalm 37:29.
>
> A fear of making the future inheritance seem too material
>
> 675
>
> has led many to spiritualize away the very truths which lead us to look
> upon it as our home. Christ assured His disciples that He went to prepare
> mansions for them in the Father's house. Those who accept the teachings of
> God's word will not be wholly ignorant concerning the heavenly abode. And
> yet, "eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the
> heart of man, the things which God hath prepared for them that love Him."
> 1 Corinthians 2:9. Human language is inadequate to describe the reward of
> the righteous. It will be known only to those who behold it. No finite
> mind can comprehend the glory of the Paradise of God.
>
> In the Bible the inheritance of the saved is called "a country." Hebrews
> 11:14-16. There the heavenly Shepherd leads His flock to fountains of
> living waters. The tree of life yields its fruit every month, and the
> leaves of the tree are for the service of the nations. There are
> ever-flowing streams, clear as crystal, and beside them waving trees cast
> their shadows upon the paths prepared for the ransomed of the Lord. There
> the wide-spreading plains swell into hills of beauty, and the mountains of
> God rear their lofty summits. On those peaceful plains, beside those
> living streams, God's people, so long pilgrims and wanderers, shall find a
> home.
>
> "My people shall dwell in a peaceable habitation, and in sure dwellings,
> and in quiet resting places." "Violence shall no more be heard in thy
> land, wasting nor destruction within thy borders; but thou shalt call thy
> walls Salvation, and thy gates Praise." "They shall build houses, and
> inhabit them; and they shall plant vineyards, and eat the fruit of them.
> They shall not build, and another inhabit; they shall not plant, and
> another eat: . . . Mine elect shall long enjoy the work of their hands."
> Isaiah 32:18; 60:18; 65:21, 22.
>
> There, "the wilderness and the solitary place shall be glad for them; and
> the desert shall rejoice, and blossom as the rose." "Instead of the thorn
> shall come up the fir tree, and instead of the brier shall come up the
> myrtle tree." "The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard
> shall
>
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>
> lie down with the kid; . . . and a little child shall lead them." "They
> shall not hurt nor destroy in all My holy mountain," saith the Lord.
> Isaiah 35:1; 55:13; 11:6, 9.
>
> Pain cannot exist in the atmosphere of heaven. There will be no more
> tears, no funeral trains, no badges of mourning. "There shall be no more
> death, neither sorrow, nor crying: . . . for the former things are passed
> away." "The inhabitant shall not say, I am sick: the people that dwell
> therein shall be forgiven their iniquity." Revelation 21:4; Isaiah 33:24.
>
> There is the New Jerusalem, the metropolis of the glorified new earth, "a
> crown of glory in the hand of the Lord, and a royal diadem in the hand of
> thy God." "Her light was like unto a stone most precious, even like a
> jasper stone, clear as crystal." "The nations of them which are saved
> shall walk in the light of it: and the kings of the earth do bring their
> glory and honor into it." Saith the Lord: "I will rejoice in Jerusalem,
> and joy in My people." "The tabernacle of God is with men, and He will
> dwell with them, and they shall be His people, and God Himself shall be
> with them, and be their God." Isaiah 62:3; Revelation 21:11, 24; Isaiah
> 65:19; Revelation 21:3.
>
> In the City of God "there shall be no night." None will need or desire
> repose. There will be no weariness in doing the will of God and offering
> praise to His name. We shall ever feel the freshness of the morning and
> shall ever be far from its close. "And they need no candle, neither light
> of the sun; for the Lord God giveth them light." Revelation 22:5. The
> light of the sun will be superseded by a radiance which is not painfully
> dazzling, yet which immeasurably surpasses the brightness of our noontide.
> The glory of God and the Lamb floods the Holy City with unfading light.
> The redeemed walk in the sunless glory of perpetual day.
>
> "I saw no temple therein: for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are the
> temple of it." Revelation 21:22. The people of God are privileged to hold
> open communion with the Father and the Son. "Now we see through a glass,
> darkly."
>
> 677
>
> 1 Corinthians 13:12. We behold the image of God reflected, as in a mirror,
> in the works of nature and in His dealings with men; but then we shall see
> Him face to face, without a dimming veil between. We shall stand in His
> presence and behold the glory of His countenance.
>
> There the redeemed shall know, even as also they are known. The loves and
> sympathies which God Himself has planted in the soul shall there find
> truest and sweetest exercise. The pure communion with holy beings, the
> harmonious social life with the blessed angels and with the faithful ones
> of all ages who have washed their robes and made them white in the blood
> of the Lamb, the sacred ties that bind together "the whole family in
> heaven and earth" (Ephesians 3:15)--these help to constitute the happiness
> of the redeemed.
>
> There, immortal minds will contemplate with never-failing delight the
> wonders of creative power, the mysteries of redeeming love. There will be
> no cruel, deceiving foe to tempt to forgetfulness of God. Every faculty
> will be developed, every capacity increased. The acquirement of knowledge
> will not weary the mind or exhaust the energies. There the grandest
> enterprises may be carried forward, the loftiest aspirations reached, the
> highest ambitions realized; and still there will arise new heights to
> surmount, new wonders to admire, new truths to comprehend, fresh objects
> to call forth the powers of mind and soul and body.
>
> All the treasures of the universe will be open to the study of God's
> redeemed. Unfettered by mortality, they wing their tireless flight to
> worlds afar--worlds that thrilled with sorrow at the spectacle of human
> woe and rang with songs of gladness at the tidings of a ransomed soul.
> With unutterable delight the children of earth enter into the joy and the
> wisdom of unfallen beings. They share the treasures of knowledge and
> understanding gained through ages upon ages in contemplation of God's
> handiwork. With undimmed vision they gaze upon the glory of creation--suns
> and stars and systems, all in their appointed order circling the throne
>
> 678
>
> of Deity. Upon all things, from the least to the greatest, the Creator's
> name is written, and in all are the riches of His power displayed.
>
> And the years of eternity, as they roll, will bring richer and still more
> glorious revelations of God and of Christ. As knowledge is progressive, so
> will love, reverence, and happiness increase. The more men learn of God,
> the greater will be their admiration of His character. As Jesus opens
> before them the riches of redemption and the amazing achievements in the
> great controversy with Satan, the hearts of the ransomed thrill with more
> fervent devotion, and with more rapturous joy they sweep the harps of
> gold; and ten thousand times ten thousand and thousands of thousands of
> voices unite to swell the mighty chorus of praise.
>
> "And every creature which is in heaven, and on the earth, and under the
> earth, and such as are in the sea, and all that are in them, heard I
> saying, Blessing, and honor, and glory, and power, be unto Him that
> sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb for ever and ever." Revelation
> 5:13.
>
> The great controversy is ended. Sin and sinners are no more. The entire
> universe is clean. One pulse of harmony and gladness beats through the
> vast creation. From Him who created all, flow life and light and gladness,
> throughout the realms of illimitable space. From the minutest atom to the
> greatest world, all things, animate and inanimate, in their unshadowed
> beauty and perfect joy, declare that God is love.
>
> Appendix
>
> (679)
>
> APPENDIX
>
>
> GENERAL NOTES
>
>
> REVISIONS ADOPTED BY THE E. G. WHITE TRUSTEES NOVEMBER 19, 1956,
>
> AND DECEMBER 6, 1979
>
>
> PAGE 50. TITLES.--IN A PASSAGE WHICH IS INCLUDED IN THE ROMAN CATHOLIC
> CANON LAW, OR CORPUS JURIS CANONICI, POPE INNOCENT III DECLARES THAT THE
> ROMAN PONTIFF IS "THE VICEGERENT UPON EARTH, NOT OF A MERE MAN, BUT OF
> VERY GOD;" AND IN A GLOSS ON THE PASSAGE IT IS EXPLAINED THAT THIS IS
> BECAUSE HE IS THE VICEGERENT OF CHRIST, WHO IS "VERY GOD AND VERY MAN."
> SEE DECRETALES DOMINI GREGORII PAPAE IX (DECRETALS OF THE LORD POPE
> GREGORY IX), LIBER 1, DE TRANSLATIONE EPISCOPORUM, (ON THE TRANSFERENCE OF
> BISHOPS), TITLE 7, CH. 3; CORPUS JURIS CANONICI (2D LEIPZIG ED., 1881),
> COL. 99; (PARIS, 1612), TOM. 2, DECRETALES, COL. 205. THE DOCUMENTS WHICH
> FORMED THE DECRETALS WERE GATHERED BY GRATIAN, WHO WAS TEACHING AT THE
> UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA ABOUT THE YEAR 1140. HIS WORK WAS ADDED TO AND
> RE-EDITED BY POPE GREGORY IX IN AN EDITION ISSUED IN 1234. OTHER DOCUMENTS
> APPEARED IN SUCCEEDING YEARS FROM TIME TO TIME INCLUDING THE
> EXTRAVAGANTES, ADDED TOWARD THE CLOSE OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY, ALL OF
> THESE, WITH GRATIAN'S DECRETUM, WERE PUBLISHED AS THE CORPUS JURIS
> CANONICI IN 1582. POPE PIUS X AUTHORIZED THE CODIFICATION IN CANON LAW IN
> 1904, AND THE RESULTING CODE BECAME EFFECTIVE IN 1918.
>
> FOR THE TITLE "LORD GOD THE POPE" SEE A GLOSS ON THE EXTRAVAGANTES OF POPE
> JOHN XXII, TITLE 14, CH. 4, DECLARAMUS. IN AN ANTWERP EDITION OF THE
> EXTRAVAGANTES, DATED 1584, THE WORDS "DOMINUM DEUM NOSTRUM PAPAM" ("OUR
> LORD GOD THE POPE") OCCUR IN COLUMN 153. IN A PARIS EDITION, DATED 1612,
> THEY OCCUR IN COLUMN 140. IN SEVERAL EDITIONS PUBLISHED SINCE 1612 THE
> WORD "DEUM" ("GOD") HAS BEEN OMITTED.
>
> PAGE 50. INFALLIBILITY.--ON THE DOCTRINE OF INFALLIBILITY AS SET FORTH AT
> THE VATICAN COUNCIL OF 1870-71, SEE PHILIP SCHAFF, THE CREEDS OF
> CHRISTENDOM, VOL. 2, DOGMATIC DECREES OF THE VATICAN COUNCIL, PP. 234-271,
> WHERE BOTH THE LATIN AND THE ENGLISH TEXTS ARE GIVEN. FOR DISCUSSION SEE,
> FOR THE ROMAN CATHOLIC VIEW, THE CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA, VOL. 7, ART.
> "INFALLIBILITY," BY PATRICK J. TONER, P. 790 FF.; JAMES CARDINAL GIBBONS,
> THE FAITH OF OUR FATHERS (BALTIMORE: JOHN MURPHY COMPANY, 110TH ED.,
> 1917), CHS. 7, 11. FOR ROMAN CATHOLIC OPPOSITION TO THE DOCTRINE OF PAPAL
> INFALLIBILITY, SEE JOHANN JOSEPH IGNAZ VON DOLLINGER (PSEUDONYM "JANUS")
> THE POPE AND THE COUNCIL (NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 1869); AND
> W.J. SPARROW SIMPSON, ROMAN CATHOLIC OPPOSITION TO PAPAL INFALLIBILITY
> (LONDON: JOHN MURRAY, 1909). FOR THE NON-ROMAN VIEW, SEE GEORGE SALMON,
> INFALLIBILITY OF THE CHURCH (LONDON: JOHN MURRAY, REV. ED., 1914).
>
> 680
>
>
> PAGE 52. IMAGE WORSHIP.--"THE WORSHIP OF IMAGES . . . WAS ONE OF THOSE
> CORRUPTIONS OF CHRISTIANITY WHICH CREPT INTO THE CHURCH STEALTHILY AND
> ALMOST WITHOUT NOTICE OR OBSERVATION. THIS CORRUPTION DID NOT, LIKE OTHER
> HERESIES, DEVELOP ITSELF AT ONCE, FOR IN THAT CASE IT WOULD HAVE MET WITH
> DECIDED CENSURE AND REBUKE: BUT, MAKING ITS COMMENCEMENT UNDER A FAIR
> DISGUISE, SO GRADUALLY WAS ONE PRACTICE AFTER ANOTHER INTRODUCED IN
> CONNECTION WITH IT, THAT THE CHURCH HAD BECOME DEEPLY STEEPED IN PRACTICAL
> IDOLATRY, NOT ONLY WITHOUT ANY EFFICIENT OPPOSITION, BUT ALMOST WITHOUT
> ANY DECIDED REMONSTRANCE; AND WHEN AT LENGTH AN ENDEAVOR WAS MADE TO ROOT
> IT OUT, THE EVIL WAS FOUND TOO DEEPLY FIXED TO ADMIT OF REMOVAL. . . . IT
> MUST BE TRACED TO THE IDOLATROUS TENDENCY OF THE HUMAN HEART, AND ITS
> PROPENSITY TO SERVE THE CREATURE MORE THAN THE CREATOR. . . .
>
> "IMAGES AND PICTURES WERE FIRST INTRODUCED INTO CHURCHES, NOT TO BE
> WORSHIPED, BUT EITHER IN THE PLACE OF BOOKS TO GIVE INSTRUCTION TO THOSE
> WHO COULD NOT READ, OR TO EXCITE DEVOTION IN THE MINDS OF OTHERS. HOW FAR
> THEY EVER ANSWERED SUCH A PURPOSE IS DOUBTFUL; BUT, EVEN GRANTING THAT
> THIS WAS THE CASE FOR A TIME, IT SOON CEASED TO BE SO, AND IT WAS FOUND
> THAT PICTURES AND IMAGES BROUGHT INTO CHURCHES DARKENED RATHER THAN
> ENLIGHTENED THE MINDS OF THE IGNORANT--DEGRADED RATHER THAN EXALTED THE
> DEVOTION OF THE WORSHIPER. SO THAT, HOWEVER THEY MIGHT HAVE BEEN INTENDED
> TO DIRECT MEN'S MINDS TO GOD, THEY ENDED IN TURNING THEM FROM HIM TO THE
> WORSHIP OF CREATED THINGS."--J. MENDHAM, THE SEVENTH GENERAL COUNCIL, THE
> SECOND OF NICAEA, INTRODUCTION, PAGES III-VI.
>
> FOR A RECORD OF THE PROCEEDINGS AND DECISIONS OF THE SECOND COUNCIL OF
> NICAEA, A.D. 787, CALLED TO ESTABLISH THE WORSHIP OF IMAGES, SEE BARONIUS,
> ECCLESIASTICAL ANNALS, VOL. 9, PP. 391-407 (ANTWERP, 1612); J. MENDHAM,
> THE SEVENTH GENERAL COUNCIL, THE SECOND OF NICAEA; ED. STILLINGFLEET,
> DEFENSE OF THE DISCOURSE CONCERNING THE IDOLATRY PRACTICED IN THE CHURCH
> OF ROME (LONDON, 1686); A SELECT LIBRARY OF NICENE AND POST-NICENE
> FATHERS, 2D SERIES, VOL. 14, PP. 521-587 (NEW YORK, 1900); CHARLES J.
> HEFELE, A HISTORY OF THE COUNCILS OF THE CHURCH, FROM THE ORIGINAL
> DOCUMENTS, B. 18, CH. 1, SECS. 332, 333; CH. 2, SECS. 345-352 (T. AND T.
> CLARK ED., 1896), VOL. 5, PP. 260-304, 342-372.
>
> PAGE 53. THE SUNDAY LAW OF CONSTANTINE.--THE LAW ISSUED BY THE EMPEROR
> CONSTANTINE ON THE SEVENTH OF MARCH, A.D. 321, REGARDING A DAY OF REST
> FROM LABOR, READS THUS:
>
> "ALL JUDGES AND CITY PEOPLE AND THE CRAFTSMEN SHALL REST UPON THE
> VENERABLE DAY OF THE SUN. COUNTRY PEOPLE, HOWEVER, MAY FREELY ATTEND TO
> THE CULTIVATION OF THE FIELDS, BECAUSE IT FREQUENTLY HAPPENS THAT NO OTHER
> DAYS ARE BETTER ADAPTED FOR PLANTING THE GRAIN IN THE FURROWS OR THE VINES
> IN TRENCHES. SO THAT THE ADVANTAGE GIVEN BY HEAVENLY PROVIDENCE MAY NOT
> FOR THE OCCASION OF A SHORT TIME PERISH."--JOSEPH CULLEN AYER, A SOURCE
> BOOK FOR ANCIENT CHURCH HISTORY (NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 1913),
> DIV. 2, PER. 1, CH. 1, SEC. 59, G, PP. 284, 285.
>
> THE LATIN ORIGINAL IS IN THE CODEX JUSTINIANI (CODEX OF JUSTINIAN), LIB.
> 3,
>
> 681
>
> TITLE 12, LEX. 3. THE LAW IS GIVEN IN LATIN AND IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION IN
> PHILIP SCHAFF'S HISTORY OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOL. 3, 3D PERIOD, CH. 7,
> SEC. 75, P. 380, FOOTNOTE 1; AND IN JAMES A. HESSEY'S BAMPTON LECTURES,
> SUNDAY, LECTURE 3, PAR. 1, 3D ED., MURRAY'S PRINTING OF 1866, P. 58. SEE
> DISCUSSION IN SCHAFF, AS ABOVE REFERRED TO; IN ALBERT HENRY NEWMAN, A
> MANUAL OF CHURCH HISTORY (PHILADELPHIA: THE AMERICAN BAPTIST PUBLICATION
> SOCIETY, PRINTING OF 1933), REV. ED., VOL. 1, PP. 305-307; AND IN LEROY E.
> FROOM, THE PROPHETIC FAITH OF OUR FATHERS (WASHINGTON, D.C.: REVIEW AND
> HERALD PUBLISHING ASSN., 1950), VOL. 1, PP 376-381.
>
> PAGE 54. PROPHETIC DATES.--AN IMPORTANT PRINCIPLE IN PROPHETIC
> INTERPRETATION IN CONNECTION WITH TIME PROPHECIES IS THE YEAR-DAY
> PRINCIPLE, UNDER WHICH A DAY OF PROPHETIC TIME IS COUNTED AS A CALENDAR
> YEAR OF HISTORIC TIME. BEFORE THE ISRAELITES ENTERED THE LAND OF CANAAN
> THEY SENT TWELVE SPIES AHEAD TO INVESTIGATE. THE SPIES WERE GONE FORTY
> DAYS, AND UPON THEIR RETURN THE HEBREWS, FRIGHTENED AT THEIR REPORT,
> REFUSED TO GO UP AND OCCUPY THE PROMISED LAND. THE RESULT WAS A SENTENCE
> THE LORD PASSED UPON THEM: "AFTER THE NUMBER OF THE DAYS IN WHICH YE
> SEARCHED THE LAND, EVEN FORTY DAYS, EACH DAY FOR A YEAR, SHALL YE BEAR
> YOUR INIQUITIES, EVEN FORTY YEARS." NUMBERS 14:34. A SIMILAR METHOD OF
> COMPUTING FUTURE TIME IS INDICATED THROUGH THE PROPHET EZEKIEL. FORTY
> YEARS OF PUNISHMENT FOR INIQUITIES AWAITED THE KINGDOM OF JUDAH. THE LORD
> SAID THROUGH THE PROPHET: "LIE AGAIN ON THY RIGHT SIDE, AND THOU SHALT
> BEAR THE INIQUITY OF THE HOUSE OF JUDAH FORTY DAYS: I HAVE APPOINTED THEE
> EACH DAY FOR A YEAR." EZEKIEL 4:6. THIS YEAR-DAY PRINCIPLE HAS AN
> IMPORTANT APPLICATION IN INTERPRETING THE TIME OF THE PROPHECY OF THE "TWO
> THOUSAND AND THREE HUNDRED EVENINGS AND MORNINGS" (DANIEL 8:14, R.V.) AND
> THE 1260-DAY PERIOD, VARIOUSLY INDICATED AS "A TIME AND TIMES AND THE
> DIVIDING OF TIME" (DANIEL 7:25), THE "FORTY AND TWO MONTHS" (REVELATION
> 11:2; 13:5), AND THE "THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED AND THREESCORE DAYS"
> (REVELATION 11:3; 12:6).
>
> PAGE 56. FORGED WRITINGS.--AMONG THE DOCUMENTS THAT AT THE PRESENT TIME
> ARE GENERALLY ADMITTED TO BE FORGERIES, THE DONATION OF CONSTANTINE AND
> THE PSEUDO-ISIDORIAN DECRETALS ARE OF PRIMARY IMPORTANCE. "THE 'DONATION
> OF CONSTANTINE' IS THE NAME TRADITIONALLY APPLIED, SINCE THE LATER MIDDLE
> AGES, TO A DOCUMENT PURPORTING TO HAVE BEEN ADDRESSED BY CONSTANTINE THE
> GREAT TO POPE SYLVESTER I, WHICH IS FOUND FIRST IN A PARISIAN MANUSCRIPT
> (CODEX LAT. 2777) OF PROBABLY THE BEGINNING OF THE NINTH CENTURY. SINCE
> THE ELEVENTH CENTURY IT HAS BEEN USED AS A POWERFUL ARGUMENT IN FAVOR OF
> THE PAPAL CLAIMS, AND CONSEQUENTLY SINCE THE TWELFTH IT HAS BEEN THE
> SUBJECT OF A VIGOROUS CONTROVERSY. AT THE SAME TIME, BY RENDERING IT
> POSSIBLE TO REGARD THE PAPACY AS A MIDDLE TERM BETWEEN THE ORIGINAL AND
> THE MEDIEVAL ROMAN EMPIRE, AND THUS TO FORM A THEORETICAL BASIS OF
> CONTINUITY FOR THE RECEPTION OF THE ROMAN LAW IN THE MIDDLE AGES, IT HAS
> HAD NO SMALL INFLUENCE UPON SECULAR HISTORY."--THE NEW
>
> 682
>
> SCHAFF-HERZOG ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE, VOL. 3, ART. "DONATION
> OF CONSTANTINE," PP. 484, 485.
>
> THE HISTORICAL THEORY DEVELOPED IN THE "DONATION" IS FULLY DISCUSSED IN
> HENRY E. CARDINAL MANNING'S THE TEMPORAL POWER OF THE VICAR OF JESUS
> CHRIST, LONDON, 1862. THE ARGUMENTS OF THE "DONATION" WERE OF A SCHOLASTIC
> TYPE, AND THE POSSIBILITY OF A FORGERY WAS NOT MENTIONED UNTIL THE RISE OF
> HISTORICAL CRITICISM IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY. NICHOLAS OF CUSA WAS AMONG
> THE FIRST TO CONCLUDE THAT CONSTANTINE NEVER MADE ANY SUCH DONATION.
> LORENZA VALLA IN ITALY GAVE A BRILLIANT DEMONSTRATION OF ITS SPURIOUSNESS
> IN 1450. SEE CHRISTOPHER B. COLEMAN'S TREATISE OF LORENZO VALLA ON THE
> DONATION OF CONSTANTINE (NEW YORK, 1927). FOR A CENTURY LONGER, HOWEVER,
> THE BELIEF IN THE AUTHENTICITY OF THE "DONATION" AND OF THE FALSE
> DECRETALS WAS KEPT ALIVE. FOR EXAMPLE, MARTIN LUTHER AT FIRST ACCEPTED THE
> DECRETALS, BUT HE SOON SAID TO ECK: "I IMPUGN THESE DECRETALS;" AND TO
> SPALATIN: "HE [THE POPE] DOES IN HIS DECRETALS CORRUPT AND CRUCIFY CHRIST,
> THAT IS, THE TRUTH."
>
> IT IS DEEMED ESTABLISHED THAT (1) THE "DONATION" IS A FORGERY, (2) IT IS
> THE WORK OF ONE MAN OR PERIOD, (3) THE FORGER HAS MADE USE OF OLDER
> DOCUMENTS, (4) THE FORGERY ORIGINATED AROUND 752 AND 778. AS FOR THE
> CATHOLICS, THEY ABANDONED THE DEFENSE OF THE AUTHENTICITY OF THE DOCUMENT
> WITH BARONIUS, ECCLESIASTICAL ANNALS, IN 1592. CONSULT FOR THE BEST TEXT,
> K. ZEUMER, IN THE FESTGABE FUR RUDOLF VON GNEIST (BERLIN, 1888).
> TRANSLATED IN COLEMAN'S TREATISE, REFERRED TO ABOVE, AND IN ERNEST F.
> HENDERSON, SELECT HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS OF THE MIDDLE AGES (NEW YORK,
> 1892), P. 319; BRIEFWECHSEL (WEIMAR ED.), PP. 141, 161. SEE ALSO THE NEW
> SCHAFF-HERZOG ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE (1950), VOL. 3, P. 484;
> F. GREGOROVIUS, ROME IN THE MIDDLE AGES, VOL. 2, P. 329; AND JOHANN JOSEPH
> IGNAZ VON DOLLINGER, FABLES RESPECTING THE POPES OF THE MIDDLE AGES
> (LONDON, 1871).
>
> THE "FALSE WRITINGS" REFERRED TO IN THE TEXT INCLUDE ALSO THE
> PSEUDO-ISIDORIAN DECRETALS, TOGETHER WITH OTHER FORGERIES. THE
> PSEUDO-ISIDORIAN DECRETALS ARE CERTAIN FICTITIOUS LETTERS ASCRIBED TO
> EARLY POPES FROM CLEMENT (A.D. 100) TO GREGORY THE GREAT (A.D. 600),
> INCORPORATED IN A NINTH CENTURY COLLECTION PURPORTING TO HAVE BEEN MADE BY
> "ISIDORE MERCATOR." THE NAME "PSEUDO-ISIDORIAN DECRETALS" HAS BEEN IN USE
> SINCE THE ADVENT OF CRITICISM IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.
>
> PSEUDO-ISIDORE TOOK AS THE BASIS OF HIS FORGERIES A COLLECTION OF VALID
> CANONS CALLED THE HISPANA GALLICA AUGUSTODUNENSIS, THUS LESSENING THE
> DANGER OF DETECTION, SINCE COLLECTIONS OF CANONS WERE COMMONLY MADE BY
> ADDING NEW MATTER TO OLD. THUS HIS FORGERIES WERE LESS APPARENT WHEN
> INCORPORATED WITH GENUINE MATERIAL. THE FALSITY OF THE PSEUDO-ISIDORIAN
> FABRICATIONS IS NOW INCONTESTABLY ADMITTED, BEING PROVED BY INTERNAL
> EVIDENCE, INVESTIGATION OF THE SOURCES, THE METHODS USED, AND THE FACT
> THAT THIS MATERIAL WAS UNKNOWN BEFORE 852. HISTORIANS AGREE THAT 850 OR
> 851 IS THE MOST PROBABLE DATE FOR THE COMPLETION OF THE COLLECTION, SINCE
> THE DOCUMENT IS FIRST CITED IN THE ADMONITIO OF THE CAPITULARY OF QUIERCY,
> IN 857.
>
> THE AUTHOR OF THESE FORGERIES IS NOT KNOWN. IT IS PROBABLE THAT THEY
>
> 683
>
> EMANATED FROM THE AGGRESSIVE NEW CHURCH PARTY WHICH FORMED IN THE NINTH
> CENTURY AT RHEIMS, FRANCE. IT IS AGREED THAT BISHOP HINCMAR OF RHEIMS USED
> THESE DECRETALS IN HIS DEPOSITION OF ROTHAD OF SOISSONS, WHO BROUGHT THE
> DECRETALS TO ROME IN 864 AND LAID THEM BEFORE POPE NICHOLAS I.
>
> AMONG THOSE WHO CHALLENGED THEIR AUTHENTICITY WERE NICHOLAS OF CUSA
> (1401-1464), CHARLES DUMOULIN (1500-1566), AND GEORGE CASSENDER (1513-
> 1564). THE IRREFUTABLE PROOF OF THEIR FALSITY WAS CONVEYED BY DAVID
> BLONDEL, 1628.
>
> AN EARLY EDITION IS GIVEN IN MIGNE PATROLGIA LATINA, CXXX. FOR THE OLDEST
> AND BEST MANUSCRIPT, SEE P. HINSCHIUS, DECRETALES PSEUDO-ISIDORIANIAE AT
> CAPITULA ANGILRAMNI (LEIPZIG, 1863). CONSULT THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
> ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE (1950), VOL. 9, PP. 343-345. SEE ALSO
> H. H. MILMAN, LATIN CHRISTIANITY (VOLS.), VOL. 3; JOHANN JOSEPH IGNAZ VON
> DOLLINGER, THE POPE AND THE COUNCIL (1869); AND KENNETH SCOTT LATOURETTE,
> A HISTORY OF THE EXPANSION OF CHRISTIANITY (1939), VOL. 3; THE CATHOLIC
> ENCYCLOPEDIA, VOL. 5, ART. "FALSE DECRETALS," AND FOURNIER, "ETUDES SURE
> LES FAUSSES DECRETALS," IN REVUE D'HISTORIQUE ECCLESIASTIQUE (LOUVAIN)
> VOL. 7 (1906), AND VOL. 8 (1907).
>
> PAGE 57. THE DICTATE OF HILDEBRAND (GREGORY VII).--FOR THE ORIGINAL LATIN
> VERSION SEE BARONIUS, ANNALES ECCLESIASTICI, ANN. 1076, VOL. 17, PP. 405,
> 406 OF THE PARIS PRINTING OF 1869; AND THE MONUMENTA GERMANIAE HISTORICA
> SELECTA, VOL. 3, P. 17. FOR AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION SEE FREDERIC A. OGG,
> SOURCE BOOK OF MEDIEVAL HISTORY (NEW YORK: AMERICAN BOOK CO., 1907), CH.
> 6, SEC. 45, PP. 262-264; AND OLIVER J. THATCHER AND EDGAR H. MCNEAL,
> SOURCE BOOK FOR MEDIEVAL HISTORY (NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS,
> 1905), SEC. 3, ITEM 65, PP. 136-139.
>
> FOR A DISCUSSION OF THE BACKGROUND OF THE DICTATE, SEE JAMES BRYCE, THE
> HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE, REV. ED., CH. 10; AND JAMES W. THOMPSON AND EDGAR N.
> JOHNSON, AN INTRODUCTION TO MEDIEVAL EUROPE, 300-1500, PAGES 377-380.
>
> PAGE 59. PURGATORY.--DR. JOSEPH FAA DI BRUNO THUS DEFINES PURGATORY:
> "PURGATORY IS A STATE OF SUFFERING AFTER THIS LIFE, IN WHICH THOSE SOULS
> ARE FOR A TIME DETAINED, WHO DEPART THIS LIFE AFTER THEIR DEADLY SINS HAVE
> BEEN REMITTED AS TO THE STAIN AND GUILT, AND AS TO THE EVERLASTING PAIN
> THAT WAS DUE TO THEM; BUT WHO HAVE ON ACCOUNT OF THOSE SINS STILL SOME
> DEBT OF TEMPORAL PUNISHMENT TO PAY; AS ALSO THOSE SOULS WHICH LEAVE THIS
> WORLD GUILTY ONLY OF VENIAL SINS."--CATHOLIC BELIEF (1884 ED.; IMPRIMATUR
> ARCHBISHOP OF NEW YORK), PAGE 196.
>
> SEE ALSO K. R. HAGENBACH, COMPENDIUM OF THE HISTORY OF DOCTRINES (T. AND
> T. CLARK ED.) VOL. 1, PP. 234-237, 405, 408; VOL. 2, PP. 135-150, 308,
> 309; CHARLES ELLIOTT, DELINEATION OF ROMAN CATHOLICISM, B. 2, CH. 12; THE
> CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA, VOL. 12, ART. "PURGATORY."
>
> PAGE 59. INDULGENCES.--FOR A DETAILED HISTORY OF THE DOCTRINE OF
> INDULGENCES SEE MANDELL CREIGHTON, A HISTORY OF THE PAPACY FROM THE GREAT
>
> 684
>
> SCHISM TO THE SACK OF ROME (LONDON: LONGMANS, GREEN AND CO., 1911), VOL.
> 5, PP. 56-64, 71; W.H. KENT, "INDULGENCES," THE CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA,
> VOL. 7, PP. 783-789; H. C. LEA, A HISTORY OF AURICULAR CONFESSION AND
> INDULGENCES IN THE LATIN CHURCH (PHILADELPHIA: LEA BROTHERS AND CO.,
> 1896); THOMAS M. LINDSAY, A HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION (NEW YORK; CHARLES
> SCRIBNER'S SONS, 1917), VOL. 1, PP. 216-227; ALBERT HENRY NEWMAN, A MANUAL
> OF CHURCH HISTORY (PHILADELPHIA: THE AMERICAN BAPTIST PUBLICATION SOCIETY,
> 1953), VOL. 2, PP. 53, 54, 62; LEOPOLD RANKE, HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION
> IN GERMANY (2D LONDON ED., 1845), TRANSLATED BY SARAH AUSTIN, VOL. 1, PP.
> 331, 335-337, 343-346; PRESERVED SMITH, THE AGE OF THE REFORMATION (NEW
> YORK: HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY, 1920), PP. 23-25, 66.
>
> ON THE PRACTICAL OUTWORKINGS OF THE DOCTRINE OF INDULGENCES DURING THE
> PERIOD OF THE REFORMATION SEE A PAPER BY DR. H. C. LEA, ENTITLED,
> "INDULGENCES IN SPAIN," PUBLISHED IN PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF
> CHURCH HISTORY, VOL. 1, PP. 129-171. OF THE VALUE OF THIS HISTORICAL
> SIDELIGHT DR. LEA SAYS IN HIS OPENING PARAGRAPH: "UNVEXED BY THE
> CONTROVERSY WHICH RAGED BETWEEN LUTHER AND DR. ECK AND SILVESTER PRIERIAS,
> SPAIN CONTINUED TRANQUILLY TO FOLLOW IN THE OLD AND BEATEN PATH, AND
> FURNISHES US WITH THE INCONTESTABLE OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS WHICH ENABLE US TO
> EXAMINE THE MATTER IN THE PURE LIGHT OF HISTORY."
>
> PAGE 59. THE MASS.--FOR THE DOCTRINE OF THE MASS AS SET FORTH AT THE
> COUNCIL OF TRENT SEE THE CANONS AND DECREES OF THE COUNCIL OF TRENT IN
> PHILIP SCHAFF, CREEDS OF CHRISTENDOM, VOL. 2, PP. 126-139, WHERE BOTH
> LATIN AND ENGLISH TEXTS ARE GIVEN. SEE ALSO H. G. SCHROEDER, CANONS AND
> DECREES OF THE COUNCIL OF TRENT (ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI: B. HERDER, 1941).
>
> FOR A DISCUSSION OF THE MASS SEE THE CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA, VOL 5, ART.
> "EUCHARIST," BY JOSEPH POHLE, PAGE 572 FF.; NIKOLAUS GIHR, HOLY SACRIFICE
> OF THE MASS, DOGMATICALLY, LITURGICALLY, ASCETICALLY EXPLAINED, 12TH ED.
> (ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI: B. HERDER, 1937); JOSEF ANDREAS JUNGMANN, THE MASS
> OF THE ROMAN RITE, ITS ORIGINS AND DEVELOPMENT, TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN
> BY FRANCIS A. BRUNNER (NEW YORK: BENZIGER BROS., 1951). FOR THE
> NON-CATHOLIC VIEW, SEE JOHN CALVIN, INSTITUTES OF THE CHRISTIAN RELIGION,
> B. 4, CHS. 17, 18; AND EDWARD BOUVERIE PUSEY, THE DOCTRINE OF THE REAL
> PRESENCE (OXFORD, ENGLAND: JOHN H. PARKER, 1855).
>
> PAGE 65. THE SABBATH AMONG THE WALDENSES.--THERE ARE WRITERS WHO HAVE
> MAINTAINED THAT THE WALDENSES MADE A GENERAL PRACTICE OF OBSERVING THE
> SEVENTH-DAY SABBATH. THIS CONCEPT AROSE FROM SOURCES WHICH IN THE ORIGINAL
> LATIN DESCRIBE THE WALDENSES AS KEEPING THE DIES DOMINICALIS, OR LORD'S
> DAY (SUNDAY), BUT IN WHICH THROUGH A PRACTICE WHICH DATES FROM THE
> REFORMATION, THE WORD FOR "SUNDAY" HAS BEEN TRANSLATED "SABBATH."
>
> BUT THERE IS HISTORICAL EVIDENCE OF SOME OBSERVANCE OF THE SEVENTH-DAY
> SABBATH AMONG THE WALDENSES. A REPORT OF AN INQUISITION BEFORE WHOM WERE
> BROUGHT SOME WALDENSES OF MORAVIA IN THE MIDDLE OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY
> DECLARES THAT AMONG THE WALDENSES "NOT A FEW INDEED CELEBRATE THE
>
> 685
>
> SABBATH WITH THE JEWS."--JOHANN JOSEPH IGNAZ VON DOLLINGER, BEITRAGE ZUR
> SEKTENGESCHICHTE DES MITTELALTERS (REPORTS ON THE HISTORY OF THE SECTS OF
> THE MIDDLE AGES), MUNICH, 1890, 2D PT., P. 661. THERE CAN BE NO QUESTION
> THAT THIS SOURCE INDICATES THE OBSERVANCE OF THE SEVENTH-DAY SABBATH.
>
> PAGE 65. WALDENSIAN VERSIONS OF THE BIBLE.--ON RECENT DISCOVERIES OF
> WALDENSIAN MANUSCRIPTS SEE M. ESPOSITO, "SUR QUELQUES MANUSCRITS DE
> L'ANCIENNE LITTERATURE DES VAUDOIS DU PIEMONT," IN REVUE D' HISTORIQUE
> ECCLESIASTIQUE (LOUVAIN, 1951), P. 130 FF.; F. JOSTES, "DIE
> WALDENSERBIBELN," IN HISTORISCHES JAHRBUCH, 1894; D. LORTSCH, HISTOIRE DE
> LA BIBLE EN FRANCE (PARIS, 1910), CH. 10.
>
> A CLASSIC WRITTEN BY ONE OF THE WALDENSIAN "BARBS" IS JEAN LEGER, HISTOIRE
> GENERALE DES EGLISES EVANGELIQUES DES VALLEES DE PIEMONT (LEYDEN, 1669),
> WHICH WAS WRITTEN AT THE TIME OF THE GREAT PERSECUTIONS AND CONTAINS
> FIRSTHAND INFORMATION WITH DRAWINGS.
>
> FOR THE LITERATURE OF WALDENSIAN TEXTS SEE A. DESTEFANO, CIVILTA
> MEDIOEVALE (1944); AND RIFORMATORI ED ERETICI NEL MEDIOEVE (PALERMO,
> 1938); J. D. BOUNOUS, THE WALDENSIAN PATOIS OF PRAMOL (NASHVILLE, 1936);
> AND A. DONDAINE, ARCHIVUM FRATRUM PRAEDICATORUM (1946).
>
> FOR THE HISTORY OF THE WALDENSES SOME OF THE MORE RECENT, RELIABLE WORKS
> ARE: E. COMBA, HISTORY OF THE WALDENSES IN ITALY (SEE LATER ITALIAN
> EDITION PUBLISHED IN TORRE PELLICE, 1934); E. GEBHART, MYSTICS AND
> HERETICS (BOSTON, 1927); G. GONNET, IL VALDISMO MEDIOEVALE, PROLEGOMENI
> (TORRE PELLICE, 1935); AND JALLA, HISTOIRE DES VAUDOIS ET LEURS COLONIES
> (TORRE PELLICE, 1935).
>
> PAGE 77. EDICT AGAINST THE WALDENSES.--A CONSIDERABLE PORTION OF THE TEXT
> OF THE PAPAL BULL ISSUED BY INNOCENT VIII IN 1487 AGAINST THE WALDENSES
> (THE ORIGINAL OF WHICH IS IN THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE)
> IS GIVEN, IN AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION, IN JOHN DOWLING'S HISTORY OF ROMANISM
> (1871 ED.), B. 6, CH. 5, SEC. 62.
>
> PAGE 85. WYCLIFFE.--THE HISTORIAN DISCOVERS THAT THE NAME OF WYCLIFFE, HAS
> MANY DIFFERENT FORMS OF SPELLING. FOR A FULL DISCUSSION OF THESE SEE J.
> DAHMUS, THE PROSECUTION OF JOHN WYCLYF (NEW HAVEN: YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS,
> 1952), P. 7.
>
> PAGE 86. INFALLIBILITY.
>
> FOR THE ORIGINAL TEXT OF THE PAPAL BULLS ISSUED AGAINST WYCLIFFE WITH
> ENGLISH TRANSLATION SEE J. DAHMUS, THE PROSECUTION OF JOHN WYCLYF (NEW
> HAVEN: YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1952), PP. 35-49; ALSO JOHN FOXE, ACTS AND
> MONUMENTS OF THE CHURCH (LONDON: PRATT TOWNSEND, 1870), VOL. 3, PP. 4-13.
>
> FOR A SUMMARY OF THESE BULLS SENT TO THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY, TO KING
> EDWARD, AND TO THE CHANCELLOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, SEE MERLE
> D'AUBIGNE, THE HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY
> (LONDON: BLACKIE AND SON, 1885), VOL. 4, DIV. 7, P. 93; AUGUST NEANDER,
>
> GENERAL
>
> 686
>
> HISTORY OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (BOSTON: CROCKER AND BRESTER, 1862), VOL.
> 5, PP. 146, 147; GEORGE SARGEANT, HISTORY OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (DALLAS:
> FREDERICK PUBLISHING HOUSE, 1948), P. 323; GOTTHARD V. LECHLER, JOHN
> WYCLIFFE AND HIS ENGLISH PRECURSORS (LONDON: THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY,
> 1878), PP. 162-164; PHILIP SCHAFF, HISTORY OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (NEW
> YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 1915), VOL. 5, PT. 2, P. 317.
>
> PAGE 104. COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE.--A PRIMARY SOURCE ON THE COUNCIL OF
> CONSTANCE IS RICHENDAL ULRICH, DAS CONCILIUM SO ZU CONSTANZ GEHALTEN IST
> WORDEN (AUGSBURG, 1483, INCUN.). AN INTERESTING, RECENT STUDY OF THIS
> TEXT, BASED ON THE "AULENDORF CODEX," IS IN THE SPENCER COLLECTION OF THE
> NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY, PUBLISHED BY KARL KUP, ULRICH VON RICHENTAL'S
> CHRONICLE OF THE COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE (NEW YORK, 1936). SEE ALSO H. FINKE
> (ED.), ACTA CONCILII CONSTANCIENSIS (1896), VOL. 1; HEFELE,
> CONCILIENGESCHICHTE (9 VOLS.), VOLS. 6, 7; L. MIRBT, QUELLEN ZUR
> GESCHICHTE DES PAPSTTUMS (1934); MILMAN, LATIN CHRISTIANITY, VOL. 7, PP.
> 426-524; PASTOR, THE HISTORY OF THE POPES (34 VOLS.), VOL. 1, P. 197 FF.
>
> MORE RECENT PUBLICATIONS ON THE COUNCIL ARE K. ZAHRINGER, DAS KARDINAL
> KOLLEGIUM AUF DEM KONSTANZER KONZIL (MUNSTER, 1935); TH. F. GROGAU, THE
> CONCILIAR THEORY AS IT MANIFESTED ITSELF AT THE COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE
> (WASHINGTON, 1949); FRED A. KREMPLE, CULTURAL ASPECTS OF THE COUNCIL OF
> CONSTANCE AND BASEL (ANN ARBOR, 1955); JOHN PATRICK MCGOWAN, D'AILLY AND
> THE COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE (WASHINGTON: CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY, 1936).
>
> FOR JOHN HUSS SEE JOHN HUS, LETTERS, 1904; E. J. KITTS, POPE JOHN XXIII
> AND MASTER JOHN HUS (LONDON, 1910); D. S. SCHAFF, JOHN HUS (1915);
> SCHWARZE, JOHN HUS (1915); AND MATTHEW SPINKA, JOHN HUS AND THE CZECH
> REFORM (1941).
>
> PAGE 234. JESUITISM.--FOR A STATEMENT CONCERNING THE ORIGIN, THE
> PRINCIPLES, AND THE PURPOSES OF THE "SOCIETY OF JESUS," AS OUTLINED BY
> MEMBERS OF THIS ORDER, SEE A WORK ENTITLED CONCERNING JESUITS, EDITED BY
> THE REV. JOHN GERARD, S.J., AND PUBLISHED IN LONDON, 1902, BY THE CATHOLIC
> TRUTH SOCIETY. IN THIS WORK IT IS SAID, "THE MAINSPRING OF THE WHOLE
> ORGANIZATION OF THE SOCIETY IS A SPIRIT OF ENTIRE OBEDIENCE: 'LET EACH
> ONE,' WRITES ST. IGNATIUS, 'PERSUADE HIMSELF THAT THOSE WHO LIVE UNDER
> OBEDIENCE OUGHT TO ALLOW THEMSELVES TO BE MOVED AND DIRECTED BY DIVINE
> PROVIDENCE THROUGH THEIR SUPERIORS, JUST AS THOUGH THEY WERE A DEAD BODY,
> WHICH ALLOWS ITSELF TO BE CARRIED ANYWHERE AND TO BE TREATED IN ANY MANNER
> WHATEVER, OR AS AN OLD MAN'S STAFF, WHICH SERVES HIM WHO HOLDS IT IN HIS
> HAND IN WHATSOEVER WAY HE WILL.'
>
> "THIS ABSOLUTE SUBMISSION IS ENNOBLED BY ITS MOTIVE, AND SHOULD BE,
> CONTINUES THE . . . FOUNDER, 'PROMPT, JOYOUS AND PERSEVERING; . . . THE
> OBEDIENT RELIGIOUS ACCOMPLISHES JOYFULLY THAT WHICH HIS SUPERIORS HAVE
> CONFIDED TO HIM FOR THE GENERAL GOOD, ASSURED THAT THEREBY HE CORRESPONDS
> TRULY WITH THE DIVINE WILL.'"--THE COMTESSE R. DE COURSON, IN CONCERNING
> JESUITS, PAGE 6.
>
> 687
>
> SEE ALSO L. E. DUPIN, A COMPENDIOUS HISTORY OF THE CHURCH, CENT. 16, CH.
> 33 (LONDON, 1713, VOL. 4, PP. 132-135); MOSHEIM, ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY,
> CENT. 16, SEC. 3, PT. 1, CH. 1, PAR. 10 (INCLUDING NOTES); THE
> ENCYCLOPEDIA BRITANNICA (9TH ED.), ART. "JESUITS;" C. PAROISSEN, THE
> PRINCIPLES OF THE JESUITS, DEVELOPED IN A COLLECTION OF EXTRACTS FROM
> THEIR OWN AUTHORS (LONDON, 1860--AN EARLIER EDITION APPEARED IN 1839); W.
> C. CARTWRIGHT, THE JESUITS, THEIR CONSTITUTION AND TEACHING (LONDON,
> 1876); E. L. TAUNTON, THE HISTORY OF THE JESUITS IN ENGLAND, 1580-1773
> (LONDON, 1901).
>
> SEE ALSO H. BOEHMER, THE JESUITS (TRANSLATION FROM THE GERMAN,
> PHILADELPHIA, CASTLE PRESS 1928 ); E. GOETHEIN, IGNATIUS LOYOLA AND THE
> GEGEN-REFORMATION (HALLE, 1895); T. CAMPBELL, THE JESUITS, 1534 1921 (NEW
> YORK, 1922); E. L. TAUNTON, THE HISTORY OF THE JESUITS IN ENGLAND,
> 1580-1773 (LONDON, 1901).
>
> PAGE 235. THE INQUISITION.--FOR THE ROMAN CATHOLIC VIEW SEE THE CATHOLIC
> ENCYCLOPEDIA, VOL. 8, ART. "INQUISITION" BY JOSEPH BLOTZER, P. 26 FF.: AND
> E. VACANDARD, THE INQUISITION: A CRITICAL AND HISTORICAL STUDY OF THE
> COERCIVE POWER OF THE CHURCH (NEW YORK: LONGMANS, GREEN AND COMPANY,
> 1908).
>
> FOR AN ANGLO-CATHOLIC VIEW SEE HOFFMAN NICKERSON, THE INQUISITION: A
> POLITICAL AND MILITARY STUDY OF ITS ESTABLISHMENT. FOR THE NON-CATHOLIC
> VIEW SEE PHILIP VAN LIMBORCH, HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION; HENRY CHARLES
> LEA, A HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION OF THE MIDDLE AGES, 3 VOLS.; A HISTORY
> OF THE INQUISITION OF SPAIN, 4 VOLS., AND THE INQUISITION IN THE SPANISH
> DEPENDENCIES; AND H. S. TURBERVILLE, MEDIEVAL HERESY AND THE INQUISITION
> (LONDON: C. LOCKWOOD AND SON, 1920--A MEDIATING VIEW).
>
> PAGE 265. CAUSES OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION.--ON THE FAR-REACHING
> CONSEQUENCES OF THE REJECTION OF THE BIBLE AND OF BIBLE RELIGION, BY THE
> PEOPLE OF FRANCE, SEE H. VON SYBEL, HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, B.
> 5, CH. 1, PARS. 3-7; HENRY THOMAS BUCKLE, HISTORY OF CIVILIZATION IN
> ENGLAND, CHS. 8 , 12, 14 (NEW YORK, 1895, VOL. 1, PP. 364-366, 369-371,
> 437, 540, 541, 550); BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE, VOL. 34, NO. 215 (NOVEMBER,
> 1833), P. 739; J. G. LORIMER, AN HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE PROTESTANT
> CHURCH IN FRANCE, CH. 8, PARS. 6, 7.
>
> PAGE 267. EFFORTS TO SUPPRESS AND DESTROY THE BIBLE.--THE COUNCIL OF
> TOULOUSE, WHICH MET ABOUT THE TIME OF THE CRUSADE AGAINST THE ALBIGENSES,
> RULED: "WE PROHIBIT LAYMEN POSSESSING COPIES OF THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT.
> . . . WE FORBID THEM MOST SEVERELY TO HAVE THE ABOVE BOOKS IN THE POPULAR
> VERNACULAR." "THE LORDS OF THE DISTRICTS SHALL CAREFULLY SEEK OUT THE
> HERETICS IN DWELLINGS, HOVELS, AND FORESTS, AND EVEN THEIR UNDERGROUND
> RETREATS SHALL BE ENTIRELY WIPED OUT."--COUNCIL. TOLOSANUM, POPE GREGORY
> IX, ANNO. CHR. 1229. CANONS 14 AND 2. THIS COUNCIL SAT AT THE TIME OF THE
> CRUSADE AGAINST THE ALBIGENSES.
>
> "THIS PEST [THE BIBLE] HAD TAKEN SUCH AN EXTENSION THAT SOME PEOPLE HAD
>
> 688
>
> APPOINTED PRIESTS OF THEIR OWN, AND EVEN SOME EVANGELISTS WHO DISTORTED
> AND DESTROYED THE TRUTH OF THE GOSPEL AND MADE NEW GOSPELS FOR THEIR OWN
> PURPOSE . . . (THEY KNOW THAT) THE PREACHING AND EXPLANATION OF THE BIBLE
> IS ABSOLUTELY FORBIDDEN TO THE LAY MEMBERS."--ACTS OF INQUISITION, PHILIP
> VAN LIMBORCH, HISTORY OF THE INQUISITION, CHAPTER 8.
>
> THE COUNCIL OF TARRAGONA, 1234, RULED THAT: "NO ONE MAY POSSESS THE BOOKS
> OF THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS IN THE ROMANCE LANGUAGE, AND IF ANYONE
> POSSESSES THEM HE MUST TURN THEM OVER TO THE LOCAL BISHOP WITHIN EIGHT
> DAYS AFTER PROMULGATION OF THIS DECREE, SO THAT THEY MAY BE BURNED LEST,
> BE HE A CLERIC OR A LAYMAN, HE BE SUSPECTED UNTIL HE IS CLEARED OF ALL
> SUSPICION."--D. LORTSCH, HISTOIRE DE LA BIBLE EN FRANCE, 1910, P. 14.
>
> AT THE COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE, IN 1415, WYCLIFFE WAS POSTHUMOUSLY CONDEMNED
> BY ARUNDEL, THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY, AS "THAT PESTILENT WRETCH OF
> DAMNABLE HERESY WHO INVENTED A NEW TRANSLATION OF THE SCRIPTURES IN HIS
> MOTHER TONGUE."
>
> THE OPPOSITION TO THE BIBLE BY THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH HAS CONTINUED
> THROUGH THE CENTURIES AND WAS INCREASED PARTICULARLY AT THE TIME OF THE
> FOUNDING OF BIBLE SOCIETIES. ON DECEMBER 8, 1866, POPE PIUS IX, IN HIS
> ENCYCLICAL QUANTA CURA, ISSUED A SYLLABUS OF EIGHTY ERRORS UNDER TEN
> DIFFERENT HEADINGS. UNDER HEADING IV WE FIND LISTED: "SOCIALISM,
> COMMUNISM, CLANDESTINE SOCIETIES, BIBLE SOCIETIES. . . . PESTS OF THIS
> SORT MUST BE DESTROYED BY ALL POSSIBLE MEANS."
>
> PAGE 276. THE REIGN OF TERROR.--FOR A RELIABLE, BRIEF INTRODUCTION INTO
> THE HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION SEE L. GERSHOY, THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
> (1932); G. LEFEBVRE, THE COMING OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION (PRINCETON,
> 1947); AND H. VON SYBEL, HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION (1869), 4 VOLS.
>
> THE MONITEUR OFFICIEL WAS THE GOVERNMENT PAPER AT THE TIME OF THE
> REVOLUTION AND IS A PRIMARY SOURCE, CONTAINING A FACTUAL ACCOUNT OF
> ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE ASSEMBLIES, FULL TEXTS OF THE DOCUMENTS, ETC. IT HAS
> BEEN REPRINTED. SEE ALSO A. AULARD, CHRISTIANITY AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
> (LONDON, 1927), IN WHICH THE ACCOUNT IS CARRIED THROUGH 1802--AN EXCELLENT
> STUDY; W. H. JERVIS, THE GALLICAN CHURCH AND THE REVOLUTION (LONDON,
> 1882), A CAREFUL WORK BY AN ANGLICAN, BUT SHOWS PREFERENCE FOR
> CATHOLICISM.
>
> ON THE RELATION OF CHURCH AND STATE IN FRANCE DURING THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
> SEE HENRY H. WALSH, THE CONCORDATE OF 1801: A STUDY OF NATIONALISM IN
> RELATION TO CHURCH AND STATE (NEW YORK, 1933); CHARLES LEDRE, L'EGLISE DE
> FRANCE SOUS LA REVOLUTION (PARIS, 1949).
>
> SOME CONTEMPORARY STUDIES ON THE RELIGIOUS SIGNIFICANCE OF THE REVOLUTION
> ARE G. CHAIS DE SOURCESOL, LE LIVRE DES MANIFESTES (AVIGNON, 1800), IN
> WHICH THE AUTHOR ENDEAVORED TO ASCERTAIN THE CAUSES OF THE UPHEAVAL, AND
> ITS RELIGIOUS SIGNIFICANCE, ETC.; JAMES BICHENO, THE SIGNS OF THE TIMES
> (LONDON, 1794); JAMES WINTHROP, A SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT OF SEVERAL
> SCRIPTURE PROPHECIES RELATING TO ANTICHRIST; WITH THEIR APPLICATION TO THE
> COURSE OF HISTORY
>
> 689
>
> (BOSTON, 1795); AND LATHROP, THE PROPHECY OF DANIEL RELATING TO THE TIME
> OF THE END (SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, 1811).
>
> FOR THE CHURCH DURING THE REVOLUTION SEE W. M. SLOAN, THE FRENCH
> REVOLUTION AND RELIGIOUS REFORM (1901); P. F. LA GORCE, HISTOIRE
> RELIGIEUSE DE LA REVOLUTION (PARIS, 1909).
>
> ON RELATIONS WITH THE PAPACY SEE G. BOURGIN, LA FRANCE ET ROME DE
> 1788-1797 (PARIS, 1808), BASED ON SECRET FILES IN THE VATICAN; A.
> LATREILLE, L' EGLISE CATHOLIQUE ET LA REVOLUTION (PARIS, 1950), ESPECIALLY
> INTERESTING ON PIUS VI AND THE RELIGIOUS CRISIS, 1775-1799.
>
> FOR PROTESTANTS DURING THE REVOLUTION, SEE PRESSENSE (ED.), THE REIGN OF
> TERROR (CINCINNATI, 1869).
>
> PAGE 280. THE MASSES AND THE PRIVILEGED CLASSES.--ON SOCIAL CONDITIONS
> PREVAILING IN FRANCE PRIOR TO THE PERIOD OF THE REVOLUTION, SEE H. VON
> HOLST, LOWELL LECTURES ON THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, LECTURE 1; ALSO TAINE,
> ANCIEN REGIME, AND A. YOUNG, TRAVELS IN FRANCE.
>
> PAGE 283. RETRIBUTION.--FOR FURTHER DETAILS CONCERNING THE RETRIBUTIVE
> CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION SEE THOS. H. GILL, THE PAPAL DRAMA, B.
> 10; EDMOND DE PRESSENSE, THE CHURCH AND THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, B. 3, CH.
> 1.
>
> PAGE 284. THE ATROCITIES OF THE REIGN OF TERROR.--SEE M. A. THIERS,
> HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, VOL. 3, PP. 42-44, 62-74, 106 (NEW YORK,
> 1890, TRANSLATED BY F. SHOBERL); F. A. MIGNET, HISTORY OF THE FRENCH
> REVOLUTION, CH. 9, PAR. 1 (BOHN, 1894); A. ALISON, HISTORY OF EUROPE,
> 1789-1815, VOL. 1, CH. 14 (NEW YORK, 1872, VOL. 1, PP. 293-312).
>
> PAGE 287. THE CIRCULATION OF THE SCRIPTURES.--IN 1804, ACCORDING TO MR.
> WILLIAM CANTON OF THE BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY, "ALL THE BIBLES
> EXTANT IN THE WORLD, IN MANUSCRIPT OR IN PRINT, COUNTING EVERY VERSION IN
> EVERY LAND, WERE COMPUTED AT NOT MANY MORE THAN FOUR MILLIONS. . . . THE
> VARIOUS LANGUAGES IN WHICH THOSE FOUR MILLIONS WERE WRITTEN, INCLUDING
> SUCH BYGONE SPEECH AS THE MOESO-GOTHIC OF ULFILAS AND THE ANGLO-SAXON OF
> BEDE, ARE SET DOWN AS NUMBERING ABOUT FIFTY."--WHAT IS THE BIBLE SOCIETY?
> REV. ED., 1904, P. 23.
>
> THE AMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY REPORTED A DISTRIBUTION FROM 1816 THROUGH 1955
> OF 481,149,365 BIBLES, TESTAMENTS, AND PORTIONS OF TESTAMENTS. TO THIS MAY
> BE ADDED OVER 600,000,000 BIBLES OR SCRIPTURE PORTIONS DISTRIBUTED BY THE
> BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY. DURING THE YEAR 1955 ALONE THE AMERICAN
> BIBLE SOCIETY DISTRIBUTED A GRAND TOTAL OF 23,819,733 BIBLES, TESTAMENTS,
> AND PORTIONS OF TESTAMENTS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD.
>
> THE SCRIPTURES, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, HAVE BEEN PRINTED, AS OF DECEMBER,
> 1955, IN 1,092 LANGUAGES; AND NEW LANGUAGES ARE CONSTANTLY BEING ADDED.
>
> 690
>
> PAGE 288. FOREIGN MISSIONS.--THE MISSIONARY ACTIVITY OF THE EARLY
> CHRISTIAN CHURCH HAS NOT BEEN DUPLICATED UNTIL MODERN TIMES. IT HAD
> VIRTUALLY DIED OUT BY THE YEAR 1000, AND WAS SUCCEEDED BY THE MILITARY
> CAMPAIGNS OF THE CRUSADES. THE REFORMATION ERA SAW LITTLE FOREIGN MISSION
> WORK, EXCEPT ON THE PART OF THE EARLY JESUITS. THE PIETISTIC REVIVAL
> PRODUCED SOME MISSIONARIES. THE WORK OF THE MORAVIAN CHURCH IN THE
> EIGHTEENTH CENTURY WAS REMARKABLE, AND THERE WERE SOME MISSIONARY
> SOCIETIES FORMED BY THE BRITISH FOR WORK IN COLONIZED NORTH AMERICA. BUT
> THE GREAT RESURGENCE OF FOREIGN MISSIONARY ACTIVITY BEGINS AROUND THE YEAR
> 1800, AT "THE TIME OF THE END." DANIEL 12:4. IN 1792 WAS FORMED THE
> BAPTIST MISSIONARY SOCIETY, WHICH SENT CAREY TO INDIA. IN 1795 THE LONDON
> MISSIONARY SOCIETY WAS ORGANIZED, AND ANOTHER SOCIETY IN 1799 WHICH IN
> 1812 BECAME THE CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY. SHORTLY AFTERWARD THE WESLEYAN
> MISSIONARY SOCIETY WAS FOUNDED. IN THE UNITED STATES THE AMERICAN BOARD OF
> COMMISSIONERS FOR FOREIGN MISSIONS WAS FORMED IN 1812, AND ADONIRAM JUDSON
> WAS SENT OUT THAT YEAR TO CALCUTTA. HE ESTABLISHED HIMSELF IN BURMA THE
> NEXT YEAR. IN 1814 THE AMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UNION WAS FORMED. THE
> PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS WAS FORMED IN 1837.
>
> "IN A.D. 1800, . . . THE OVERWHELMING MAJORITY OF CHRISTIANS WERE THE
> DESCENDANTS OF THOSE WHO HAD BEEN WON BEFORE A.D. 1500. . . . NOW, IN THE
> NINETEENTH CENTURY, CAME A FURTHER EXPANSION OF CHRISTIANITY. NOT SO MANY
> CONTINENTS OR MAJOR COUNTRIES WERE ENTERED FOR THE FIRST TIME AS IN THE
> PRECEDING THREE CENTURIES. THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN IMPOSSIBLE, FOR ON ALL THE
> LARGER LAND MASSES OF THE EARTH EXCEPT AUSTRALIA AND AMONG ALL THE MORE
> NUMEROUS PEOPLES AND IN ALL THE AREAS OF HIGH CIVILIZATION CHRISTIANITY
> HAD BEEN INTRODUCED BEFORE A.D. 1800. WHAT NOW OCCURRED WAS THE
> ACQUISITION OF FRESH FOOTHOLDS IN REGIONS AND AMONG PEOPLES ALREADY
> TOUCHED, AN EXPANSION OF UNPRECEDENTED EXTENT FROM BOTH THE NEWER BASES
> AND THE OLDER ONES, AND THE ENTRANCE OF CHRISTIANITY INTO THE LARGE
> MAJORITY OF SUCH COUNTRIES, ISLANDS, PEOPLES, AND TRIBES AS HAD PREVIOUSLY
> NOT BEEN TOUCHED. . . .
>
> "THE NINETEENTH CENTURY SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY WAS DUE PRIMARILY TO A NEW
> BURST OF RELIGIOUS LIFE EMANATING FROM THE CHRISTIAN IMPULSE. . . . NEVER
> IN ANY CORRESPONDING LENGTH OF TIME HAD THE CHRISTIAN IMPULSE GIVEN RISE
> TO SO MANY NEW MOVEMENTS. NEVER HAD IT HAD QUITE SO GREAT AN EFFECT UPON
> WESTERN EUROPEAN PEOPLES. IT WAS FROM THIS ABOUNDING VIGOR THAT THERE
> ISSUED THE MISSIONARY ENTERPRISE WHICH DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURY SO
> AUGMENTED THE NUMERICAL STRENGTH AND THE INFLUENCE OF
> CHRISTIANITY."--KENNETH SCOTT LATOURETTE, A HISTORY OF THE EXPANSION OF
> CHRISTIANITY, VOL. IV, THE GREAT CENTURY A.D. 1800 - A.D. 1914 (NEW YORK:
> HARPER & BROTHERS, 1941), PP. 2-4.
>
> PAGES 327, 329. PROPHETIC DATES.--ACCORDING TO JEWISH RECKONING THE FIFTH
> MONTH (AB) OF THE SEVENTH YEAR OF ARTAXERXES' REIGN WAS FROM JULY 23 TO
> AUGUST 21, 457 B.C. AFTER EZRA'S ARRIVAL IN JERUSALEM IN THE AUTUMN OF THE
> YEAR, THE DECREE OF THE KING WENT INTO EFFECT. FOR THE CERTAINTY OF THE
> DATE 457 B.C. BEING THE SEVENTH YEAR OF ARTAXERXES, SEE S. H. HORN AND L.
> H. WOOD, THE
>
> 691
>
> CHRONOLOGY OF EZRA 7 (WASHINGTON, D. C.: REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING
> ASSN., 1953); E. G. KRAELING, THE BROOKLYN MUSEUM ARAMAIC PAPYRI (NEW
> HAVEN OR LONDON, 1953), PP. 191-193; THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST BIBLE
> COMMENTARY (WASHINGTON, D.C.: REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING ASSN., 1954),
> VOL. 3, PP. 97-110.
>
> PAGE 335. FALL OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE.--THE IMPACT OF MOSLEM TURKEY UPON
> EUROPE AFTER THE FALL OF CONSTANTINOPLE IN 1453 WAS AS SEVERE AS HAD BEEN
> THE CATASTROPHIC CONQUESTS OF THE MOSLEM SARACENS, DURING THE CENTURY AND
> A HALF AFTER THE DEATH OF MOHAMMED, UPON THE EASTERN ROMAN EMPIRE.
> THROUGHOUT THE REFORMATION ERA, TURKEY WAS A CONTINUAL THREAT AT THE
> EASTERN GATES OF EUROPEAN CHRISTENDOM; THE WRITINGS OF THE REFORMERS ARE
> FULL OF CONDEMNATION OF THE OTTOMAN POWER. CHRISTIAN WRITERS SINCE HAVE
> BEEN CONCERNED WITH THE ROLE OF TURKEY IN FUTURE WORLD EVENTS, AND
> COMMENTATORS ON PROPHECY HAVE SEEN TURKISH POWER AND ITS DECLINE FORECAST
> IN SCRIPTURE.
>
> FOR THE LATTER CHAPTER, UNDER THE "HOUR, DAY, MONTH, YEAR" PROPHECY, AS
> PART OF THE SIXTH TRUMPET, JOSIAH LITCH WORKED OUT AN APPLICATION OF THE
> TIME PROPHECY, TERMINATING TURKISH INDEPENDENCE IN AUGUST, 1840. LITCH'S
> VIEW CAN BE FOUND IN FULL IN HIS THE PROBABILITY OF THE SECOND COMING OF
> CHRIST ABOUT A.D. 1843 (PUBLISHED IN JUNE, 1838); AN ADDRESS TO THE CLERGY
> (PUBLISHED IN THE SPRING OF 1840; A SECOND EDITION, WITH HISTORICAL DATA
> IN SUPPORT OF THE ACCURACY OF FORMER CALCULATIONS OF THE PROPHETIC PERIOD
> EXTENDING TO THE FALL OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE, WAS PUBLISHED IN 1841); AND
> AN ARTICLE IN SIGNS OF THE TIMES AND EXPOSITOR OF PROPHECY, AUG. 1, 1840.
> SEE ALSO ARTICLE IN SIGNS OF THE TIMES AND EXPOSITOR OF PROPHECY, FEB. 1,
> 1841; AND J. N. LOUGHBOROUGH, THE GREAT ADVENT MOVEMENT (1905 ED.), PP.
> 129-132. THE BOOK BY URIAH SMITH, THOUGHTS ON DANIEL AND THE REVELATION,
> REV. ED. OF 1944, DISCUSSES THE PROPHETIC TIMING OF THIS PROPHECY ON PAGES
> 506-517.
>
> FOR THE EARLIER HISTORY OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND THE DECLINE OF THE
> TURKISH POWER, SEE ALSO WILLIAM MILLER, THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND ITS
> SUCCESSORS, 1801-1927 (CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND: UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1936); GEORGE
> G. S. L. EVERSLEY, THE TURKISH EMPIRE FROM 1288 TO 1914 (LONDON : T.
> FISHER UNWIN, LTD., 2D ED., 1923); JOSEPH VON HAMMER-PURGSTALL, GESCHICHTE
> DES OSMANNISCHEN REICHES (PESTH: C. A. HARTLEBEN, 2D ED., 1834-36), 4
> VOLS.; HERBERT A. GIBBONS, FOUNDATION OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE, 1300-1403
> (OXFORD: UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1916); ARNOLD J. TOYNBEE AND KENNETH B.
> KIRKWOOD, TURKEY (LONDON, 1926).
>
> PAGE 340. WITHHOLDING THE BIBLE FROM THE PEOPLE.--THE READER WILL
> RECOGNIZE THAT THE TEXT OF THIS VOLUME WAS WRITTEN PRIOR TO VATICAN
> COUNCIL II, WITH ITS SOMEWHAT ALTERED POLICIES IN REGARD TO THE READING OF
> THE SCRIPTURES.
>
> THROUGH THE CENTURIES, THE ATTITUDE OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH TOWARD
> CIRCULATION OF THE HOLY SCRIPTURES IN VERNACULAR VERSIONS AMONG THE LAITY
> SHOWS UP AS NEGATIVE. SEE FOR EXAMPLE G. P. FISHER, THE REFORMATION, CH.
> 15,
>
> 692
>
> PAR. 16 (1873 ED., PP. 530-532); J. CARDINAL GIBBONS, THE FAITH OF OUR
> FATHERS, CH. 8 (49TH ED., 1897), PP. 98-117; JOHN DOWLING, HISTORY OF
> ROMANISM, B. 7, CH. 2, SEC. 14; AND B. 9, CH. 3, SECS. 24-27 (1871 ED.,
> PP. 491-496, 621-625); L. F. BUNGENER, HISTORY OF THE COUNCIL OF TRENT,
> PP. 101-110 (2D EDINBURGH ED., 1853, TRANSLATED BY D. D. SCOTT); G. H.
> PUTNAM, BOOKS AND THEIR MAKERS DURING THE MIDDLE AGES, VOL. 1, PT. 2, CH.
> 2, PARS. 49, 54-56. SEE ALSO INDEX OF PROHIBITED BOOKS (VATICAN POLYGLOT
> PRESS, 1930), PP. IX, X; TIMOTHY HURLEY, A COMMENTARY ON THE PRESENT INDEX
> LEGISLATION (NEW YORK: BENZIGER BROTHERS, 1908), P. 71; TRANSLATION OF THE
> GREAT ENCYCLICAL LETTERS OF LEO XIII (NEW YORK: BENZIGER BROTHERS, 1903),
> P. 413.
>
> BUT IN RECENT YEARS A DRAMATIC AND POSITIVE CHANGE HAS OCCURRED IN THIS
> RESPECT. ON THE ONE HAND, THE CHURCH HAS APPROVED SEVERAL VERSIONS
> PREPARED ON THE BASIS OF THE ORIGINAL LANGUAGES; ON THE OTHER, IT HAS
> PROMOTED THE STUDY OF THE HOLY SCRIPTURES BY MEANS OF FREE DISTRIBUTION
> AND BIBLE INSTITUTES. THE CHURCH, HOWEVER, CONTINUES TO RESERVE FOR
> HERSELF THE EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO INTERPRET THE BIBLE IN THE LIGHT OF HER OWN
> TRADITION, THUS JUSTIFYING THOSE DOCTRINES THAT DO NOT HARMONIZE WITH
> BIBLICAL TEACHINGS.
>
> PAGE 373. ASCENSION ROBES.--THE STORY THAT THE ADVENTISTS MADE ROBES WITH
> WHICH TO ASCEND "TO MEET THE LORD IN THE AIR," WAS INVENTED BY THOSE WHO
> WISHED TO REPROACH THE ADVENT PREACHING. IT WAS CIRCULATED SO
> INDUSTRIOUSLY THAT MANY BELIEVED IT, BUT CAREFUL INQUIRY PROVED ITS
> FALSITY. FOR MANY YEARS A SUBSTANTIAL REWARD WAS OFFERED FOR PROOF THAT
> ONE SUCH INSTANCE EVER OCCURRED, BUT NO PROOF HAS BEEN PRODUCED. NONE WHO
> LOVED THE APPEARING OF THE SAVIOUR WERE SO IGNORANT OF THE TEACHINGS OF
> THE SCRIPTURES AS TO SUPPOSE THAT ROBES WHICH THEY COULD MAKE WOULD BE
> NECESSARY FOR THAT OCCASION. THE ONLY ROBE WHICH THE SAINTS WILL NEED TO
> MEET THE LORD IS THE RIGHTEOUSNESS OF CHRIST. SEE ISAIAH 61:10; REVELATION
> 19:8.
>
> FOR A THOROUGH REFUTATION OF THE LEGEND OF ASCENSION ROBES, SEE FRANCIS D.
> NICHOL, MIDNIGHT CRY (WASHINGTON, D.C.: REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING
> ASSN., 1944), CHS. 25-27, AND APPENDICES H-J. SEE ALSO LEROY EDWIN FROOM,
> PROPHETIC FAITH OF OUR FATHERS (WASHINGTON, D.C.: REVIEW AND HERALD
> PUBLISHING ASSN., 1954), VOL. 4, PP. 822-826.
>
> PAGE 374. THE CHRONOLOGY OF PROPHECY.--DR. GEORGE BUSH, PROFESSOR OF
> HEBREW AND ORIENTAL LITERATURE IN THE NEW YORK CITY UNIVERSITY, IN A
> LETTER ADDRESSED TO WILLIAM MILLER AND PUBLISHED IN THE ADVENT HERALD AND
> SIGNS OF THE TIMES REPORTER, BOSTON, MARCH 6 AND 13, 1844, MADE SOME
> IMPORTANT ADMISSIONS RELATIVE TO HIS CALCULATION OF THE PROPHETIC TIMES.
> DR. BUSH WROTE:
>
> "NEITHER IS IT TO BE OBJECTED, AS I CONCEIVE, TO YOURSELF OR YOUR FRIENDS,
> THAT YOU HAVE DEVOTED MUCH TIME AND ATTENTION TO THE STUDY OF THE
> CHRONOLOGY OF PROPHECY, AND HAVE LABORED MUCH TO DETERMINE THE COMMENCING
> AND CLOSING DATES OF ITS GREAT PERIODS. IF THESE PERIODS ARE ACTUALLY
> GIVEN BY THE HOLY GHOST IN THE PROPHETIC BOOKS, IT WAS DOUBTLESS WITH THE
> DESIGN THAT THEY
>
> 693
>
> SHOULD BE STUDIED, AND PROBABLY, IN THE END, FULLY UNDERSTOOD; AND NO MAN
> IS TO BE CHARGED WITH PRESUMPTUOUS FOLLY WHO REVERENTLY MAKES THE ATTEMPT
> TO DO THIS. . . . IN TAKING A DAY AS THE PROPHETICAL TERM FOR A YEAR, I
> BELIEVE YOU ARE SUSTAINED BY THE SOUNDEST EXEGESIS, AS WELL AS FORTIFIED
> BY THE HIGH NAMES OF MEDE, SIR ISAAC NEWTON, BISHOP NEWTON, KIRBY, SCOTT,
> KEITH, AND A HOST OF OTHERS WHO HAVE LONG SINCE COME TO SUBSTANTIALLY YOUR
> CONCLUSIONS ON THIS HEAD. THEY ALL AGREE THAT THE LEADING PERIODS
> MENTIONED BY DANIEL AND JOHN, DO ACTUALLY EXPIRE ABOUT THIS AGE OF THE
> WORLD, AND IT WOULD BE A STRANGE LOGIC THAT WOULD CONVICT YOU OF HERESY
> FOR HOLDING IN EFFECT THE SAME VIEWS WHICH STAND FORTH SO PROMINENT IN THE
> NOTICES OF THESE EMINENT DIVINES." "YOUR RESULTS IN THIS FIELD OF INQUIRY
> DO NOT STRIKE ME SO FAR OUT OF THE WAY AS TO AFFECT ANY OF THE GREAT
> INTERESTS OF TRUTH OR DUTY." "YOUR ERROR, AS I APPREHEND, LIES IN ANOTHER
> DIRECTION THAN YOUR CHRONOLOGY." "YOU HAVE ENTIRELY MISTAKEN THE NATURE OF
> THE EVENTS WHICH ARE TO OCCUR WHEN THOSE PERIODS HAVE EXPIRED. THIS IS THE
> HEAD AND FRONT OF YOUR EXPOSITORY OFFENDING." SEE ALSO LEROY EDWIN FROOM,
> PROPHETIC FAITH OF OUR FATHERS (WASHINGTON, D.C.: REVIEW AND HERALD
> PUBLISHING ASSN., 1950), VOL. 1, CHS. 1, 2.
>
> PAGE 435. A THREEFOLD MESSAGE.--REVELATION 14:6, 7 FORETELLS THE
> PROCLAMATION OF THE FIRST ANGEL'S MESSAGE. THEN THE PROPHET CONTINUES:
> "THERE FOLLOWED ANOTHER ANGEL, SAYING, BABYLON IS FALLEN, IS FALLEN. . . .
> AND THE THIRD ANGEL FOLLOWED THEM." THE WORD HERE RENDERED "FOLLOWED"
> MEANS "TO GO ALONG WITH," "TO FOLLOW ONE," "GO WITH HIM." SEE HENRY GEORGE
> LIDDELL AND ROBERT SCOTT, GREEK ENGLISH LEXICON (OXFORD: CLARENDON PRESS,
> 1940), VOL. 1, P. 52. IT ALSO MEANS "TO ACCOMPANY." SEE GEORGE
> ABBOTT-SMITH, A MANUAL GREEK LEXICON OF THE NEW TESTAMENT (EDINBURGH: T.
> AND T. CLARK, 1950), PAGE 17. IT IS THE SAME WORD THAT IS USED IN MARK
> 5:24, "JESUS WENT WITH HIM; AND MUCH PEOPLE FOLLOWED HIM, AND THRONGED
> HIM." IT IS ALSO USED OF THE REDEEMED ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-FOUR THOUSAND,
> REVELATION 14:4, WHERE IT IS SAID, "THESE ARE THEY WHICH FOLLOW THE LAMB
> WHITHERSOEVER HE GOETH." IN BOTH THESE PLACES IT IS EVIDENT THAT THE IDEA
> INTENDED TO BE CONVEYED IS THAT OF "GOING TOGETHER," "IN COMPANY WITH." SO
> IN 1 CORINTHIANS 10:4, WHERE WE READ OF THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL THAT "THEY
> DRANK OF THAT SPIRITUAL ROCK THAT FOLLOWED THEM," THE WORD "FOLLOWED" IS
> TRANSLATED FROM THE SAME GREEK WORD, AND THE MARGIN HAS IT, "WENT WITH
> THEM." FROM THIS WE LEARN THAT THE IDEA IN REVELATION 14:8, 9 IS NOT
> SIMPLY THAT THE SECOND AND THIRD ANGELS FOLLOWED THE FIRST IN POINT OF
> TIME, BUT THAT THEY WENT WITH HIM. THE THREE MESSAGES ARE BUT ONE
> THREEFOLD MESSAGE. THEY ARE THREE ONLY IN THE ORDER OF THEIR RISE. BUT
> HAVING RISEN, THEY GO ON TOGETHER AND ARE INSEPARABLE.
>
> PAGE 447. SUPREMACY OF THE BISHOPS OF ROME.--FOR THE LEADING CIRCUMSTANCES
> IN THE ASSUMPTION OF SUPREMACY BY THE BISHOPS OF ROME, SEE ROBERT FRANCIS
> CARDINAL BELLARMINE, POWER OF THE POPES IN TEMPORAL AFFAIRS (THERE IS AN
> ENGLISH TRANSLATION IN THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, WASHINGTON, D. C.); HENRY
> EDWARD CARDINAL MANNING, THE TEMPORAL POWER OF THE VICAR OF JESUS CHRIST
> (LONDON: BURNS AND LAMBERT, 2D ED., 1862); AND JAMES CARDINAL GIBBONS,
> FAITH OF OUR FATHERS (BALTIMORE: JOHN MURPHY CO., 110TH ED., 1917), CHS.
> 5, 9, 10, 12. FOR PROTESTANT AUTHORS SEE TREVOR GERVASE JALLAND, THE
> CHURCH AND THE PAPACY (LONDON: SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE,
> 1944, A BAMP
>
> 694
>
> (LONDON: BURNS AND LAMBERT, 2D ED., 1862); AND JAMES CARDINAL GIBBONS,
> FAITH OF OUR FATHERS (BALTIMORE: JOHN MURPHY CO., 110TH ED., 1917), CHS.
> 5, 9, 10, 12. FOR PROTESTANT AUTHORS SEE TREVOR GERVASE JALLAND, THE
> CHURCH AND THE PAPACY (LONDON: SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE,
> 1944, A BAMPTON LECTURE); AND RICHARD FREDERICK LITTLEDALE, PETRINE CLAIMS
> (LONDON: SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE, 1899). FOR SOURCES OF
> THE EARLY CENTURIES OF THE PETRINE THEORY, SEE JAMES T. SHOTWELL AND
> LOUISE ROPES LOOMIS, THE SEE OF PETER (NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY
> PRESS, 1927). FOR THE FALSE "DONATION OF CONSTANTINE" SEE CHRISTOPHER B.
> COLEMAN, THE TREATISE OF LORENZO VALLA ON THE DONATION OF CONSTANTINE (NEW
> YORK, 1914), WHICH GIVES THE FULL LATIN TEXT AND TRANSLATION, AND A
> COMPLETE CRITICISM OF THE DOCUMENT AND ITS THESIS.
>
> PAGE 565. QUOTATIONS FROM JOSIAH STRONG.--IN HIS FIRST EDITION OF OUR
> COUNTRY, JOSIAH STRONG, WITHOUT ACCESS TO PRIMARY SOURCES, INCORRECTLY
> REFERENCED THE STATEMENTS ATTRIBUTED TO POPE PIUS IX.
>
> THE CORRECT REFERENCE FOR THE FIRST CITATION IS POPE GREGORY XVI'S
> ENCYCLICAL LETTER OF AUGUST 15, 1832. THE RELEVANT PARAGRAPH IS HERE
> QUOTED IN FULL:
>
> LIBERTY OF CONSCIENCE
>
> "THIS SHAMEFUL FONT OF INDIFFERENTISM GIVES RISE TO THAT ABSURD AND
> ERRONEOUS PROPOSITION WHICH CLAIMS THAT LIBERTY OF CONSCIENCE MUST BE
> MAINTAINED FOR EVERYONE. IT SPREADS RUIN IN SACRED AND CIVIL AFFAIRS,
> THOUGH SOME REPEAT OVER AND OVER AGAIN WITH THE GREATEST IMPUDENCE THAT
> SOME ADVANTAGE ACCRUES TO RELIGION FROM IT. 'BUT THE DEATH OF THE SOUL IS
> WORSE THAN FREEDOM OF ERROR,' AS AUGUSTINE WAS WONT TO SAY. WHEN ALL
> RESTRAINTS ARE REMOVED BY WHICH MEN ARE KEPT ON THE NARROW PATH OF TRUTH,
> THEIR NATURE, WHICH IS ALREADY INCLINED TO EVIL, PROPELS THEM TO RUIN.
> THEN TRULY 'THE BOTTOMLESS PIT' IS OPENED FROM WHICH JOHN SAW SMOKE
> ASCENDING WHICH OBSCURED THE SUN, AND OUT OF WHICH LOCUSTS FLEW FORTH TO
> DEVASTATE THE EARTH. THENCE COMES TRANSFORMATION OF MINDS, CORRUPTION OF
> YOUTHS, CONTEMPT OF SACRED THINGS AND HOLY LAWS--IN OTHER WORDS, A
> PESTILENCE MORE DEADLY TO THE STATE THAN ANY OTHER. EXPERIENCE SHOWS, EVEN
> FROM EARLIEST TIMES, THAT CITIES RENOWNED FOR WEALTH, DOMINION, AND GLORY
> PERISHED AS A RESULT OF THIS SINGLE EVIL, NAMELY IMMODERATE FREEDOM OF
> OPINION, LICENSE OF FREE SPEECH, AND DESIRE FOR NOVELTY."--AS PRINTED IN
> CLAUDIA CARLEN, IHM, THE PAPAL ENCYCLICALS, 1740-1878 (ANN ARBOR,
> MICHIGAN: THE PIERIAN PRESS, 1990), VOL. 1, P. 238.
>
> THE SECOND CITATION SHOULD BE CREDITED TO POPE PIUS IX'S SYLLABUS OF
> ERRORS, WHICH ACCOMPANIED HIS ENCYCLICAL LETTER OF DECEMBER 8, 1864.
> INCLUDED AMONG THE 80 ERRORS ANATHEMATIZED ARE:
>
> "24. THE CHURCH HAS NOT THE POWER OF USING FORCE, NOR HAS SHE ANY TEMPORAL
> POWER, DIRECT OR INDIRECT.--APOSTOLIC LETTER 'AD APOSTOLICAE,' AUG. 22,
> 1851."
>
> "78. HENCE IT HAS BEEN WISELY DECIDED BY LAW, IN SOME CATHOLIC COUNTRIES,
> THAT PERSONS COMING TO RESIDE THEREIN SHALL ENJOY THE PUBLIC EXERCISE OF
> THEIR OWN PECULIAR WORSHIP.--ALLOCUTION 'ACERBISSIMUM,' SEPT. 27, 1852.
>
> "79. MOREOVER, IT IS FALSE THAT THE CIVIL LIBERTY OF EVERY FORM OF
> WORSHIP, AND THE FULL POWER, GIVEN TO ALL, OF OVERTLY AND PUBLICLY
> MANIFESTING ANY OPINIONS WHATSOEVER AND THOUGHTS, CONDUCE MORE EASILY TO
> CORRUPT THE MORALS AND MINDS OF THE PEOPLE, AND TO PROPAGATE THE PEST OF
> INDIFFERENTISM.--ALLOCUTION 'NUNQUAM FORE,' DEC. 15, 1856."--AS PRINTED IN
> ANNE FREMANTLE, ED., THE PAPAL ENCYCLICALS IN THEIR HISTORICAL CONTEXT
> (NEW YORK: G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS, 1956), PP. 146, 152.
>
> IT SHOULD ALSO BE NOTED THAT THE OATH OF ALLEGIANCE TO THE POPE, QUOTED IN
> THE LAST PARAGRAPH OF THE CITATION FROM STRONG, WAS THE BISHOP'S OATH, NOT
> ONE TAKEN BY CARDINALS.
>
> PAGE 565. WITHHOLDING THE BIBLE FROM THE PEOPLE.--SEE NOTE FOR PAGE 340.
>
> PAGE 578. THE ETHIOPIAN CHURCH AND THE SABBATH.--UNTIL RATHER RECENT YEARS
> THE COPTIC CHURCH OF ETHIOPIA OBSERVED THE SEVENTH-DAY SABBATH. THE
> ETHIOPIANS ALSO KEPT SUNDAY, THE FIRST DAY OF THE WEEK, THROUGHOUT THEIR
> HISTORY AS A CHRISTIAN PEOPLE. THESE DAYS WERE MARKED BY SPECIAL SERVICES
> IN THE CHURCHES. THE OBSERVANCE OF THE SEVENTH-DAY SABBATH HAS, HOWEVER,
> VIRTUALLY CEASED IN MODERN ETHIOPIA. FOR EYEWITNESS ACCOUNTS OF RELIGIOUS
> DAYS IN ETHIOPIA, SEE PERO GOMES DE TEIXEIRA, THE DISCOVERY OF ABYSSINIA
> BY THE PORTUGUESE IN 1520 (TRANSLATED IN ENGLISH IN LONDON: BRITISH
> MUSEUM, 1938), P. 79; FATHER FRANCISCO ALVEREZ, NARRATIVE OF THE
> PORTUGUESE EMBASSY TO ABYSSINIA DURING THE YEARS 1520-1527, IN THE RECORDS
> OF THE HAKLUYT SOCIETY (LONDON, 1881), VOL. 64, PP. 22-49; MICHAEL
> RUSSELL, NUBIA AND ABYSSINIA (QUOTING FATHER LOBO, CATHOLIC MISSIONARY IN
> ETHIOPIA IN 1622) (NEW YORK: HARPER & BROTHERS, 1837), PP. 226-229; S.
> GIACOMO BARATTI, LATE TRAVELS INTO THE REMOTE COUNTRIES OF ABYSSINIA
> (LONDON: BENJAMIN BILLINGSLEY, 1670), PP. 134-137; JOB LUDOLPHUS, A NEW
> HISTORY FOR ETHIOPIA (LONDON: S. SMITH, 1682), PP. 234-357; SAMUEL GOBAT,
> JOURNAL OF THREE YEARS' RESIDENCE IN ABYSSINIA (NEW YORK: ED. OF 1850),
> PP. 55-58, 83-98. FOR OTHER WORKS TOUCHING UPON THE QUESTION, SEE PETER
> HEYLYN, HISTORY OF THE SABBATH, 2D ED., 1636, VOL. 2, PP. 198-200; ARTHUR
> P. STANLEY, LECTURES ON THE HISTORY OF THE EASTERN CHURCH (NEW YORK:
> CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, 1882), LECTURE 1, PAR. 1; C. F. REY, ROMANCE OF
> THE PORTUGUESE IN ABYSSINIA (LONDON: F. H. AND G. WITHERLEY, 1929), PP.
> 59, 253-297.
>
>
>