Theology is a Branch of Physics; and the Quantum Gravity Theory of Everything (TOE)

Why the Acceptance of the Known Laws of Physics Requires Acceptance of

the Omega Point Theory

based on articles by Prof. Frank J. Tipler; see:

F. J. Tipler, "The structure of the world from pure numbers," Reports

on Progress in Physics, Vol. 68, No. 4 (April 2005), pp. 897-964.

http://math.tulane.edu/~tipler/theoryofeverything.pdf Also released as

"Feynman-Weinberg Quantum Gravity and the Extended Standard Model as a

Theory of Everything," arXiv:0704.3276, April 24, 2007.

http://arxiv.org/abs/0704.3276

Frank J. Tipler, "Intelligent life in cosmology," International

Journal of Astrobiology, Vol. 2, Issue 2 (April 2003), pp. 141-148.

http://geocities.com/theophysics/tipler-intelligent-life-in-cosmology.pdf

Also at arXiv:0704.0058, March 31, 2007.

http://arxiv.org/abs/0704.0058

Frank Tipler, "The Omega Point and Christianity," Gamma, Vol. 10, No.

2 (April 2003), pp. 14-23.

http://geocities.com/theophysics/tipler-omega-point-and-christianity.html

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Astrophysical black holes (i.e., trapped surfaces) almost certainly

exist, but Hawking [1] and Wald [2] have shown that if black holes are

allowed to exist for unlimited proper time, then they will completely

evaporate, and a fundamental quantum law called "unitarity" will be

violated. Unitarity, which roughly says that probability must be

conserved, thus requires that the universe must cease to exist after

finite proper time, which implies that the universe is closed and has

the spatial topology of a 3-sphere [3]. The Second Law of

Thermodynamics says the amount of entropy--the amount of disorder--in

the universe cannot decrease, but Ellis and Coule [4] and Tipler [5]

have shown that the amount of entropy already in the cosmic microwave

background radiation (CMBR) will eventually contradict the Bekenstein

Bound near the final singularity unless there are no event horizons,

since in the presence of horizons the Bekenstein Bound implies the

universal entropy S is less than or equal that constant (i.e., the

Bekenstein Bound) times the radius of the universe squared, and

general relativity requires the radius of the universe to go to zero

at the final singularity. If there are no horizons then the

gravitational shear energy due to the collapse of the universe itself

will increase to infinity much faster than the radius of the universe

going to zero at the final singularity [5,6]. The absence of event

horizons by definition means that the universe's future c-boundary

(causal boundary) is a single point [7], call it the Omega Point.

MacCallum [8] has shown that a 3-sphere closed universe with a single

point future c-boundary is of measure zero in initial data space

(i.e., infinitely improbable acting only under blind and dead forces).

Barrow [9,10], Cornish and Levin [11] and Motter [12] have shown that

the evolution of a 3-sphere closed universe into its final singularity

is chaotic. Yorke et al. [13,14] have shown that a chaotic physical

system is likely to evolve into a measure zero state if and only if

its control parameters are intelligently manipulated. Thus life (which

near the final state, is really collectively intelligent computers)

almost certainly must be present arbitrarily close to the final

singularity in order for the known laws of physics to be mutually

consistent at all times. Misner [15,16,17] has shown in effect that

event horizon elimination requires an infinite number of distinct

manipulations, so an infinite amount of information must be processed

between now and the final singularity. The amount of information

stored at any time diverges to infinity as the Omega Point is

approached, since the total entropy of the universe (i.e., S) diverges

to infinity there, implying divergence of the complexity of the system

that must be understood to be controlled.

During life's expansion throughout the universe, baryon annihilation

(via the inverse of electroweak baryogenesis using electroweak quantum

tunneling) is used for life's energy requirements and for interstellar

travel. In the process, the annililation of baryons forces the Higgs

field toward its absolute vacuum, thereby cancelling the positive

cosmological constant and forcing the universe to collapse [6,18].

References:

[1] S. W. Hawking, "Breakdown of predictability in gravitational

collapse," Physical Review D, Vol. 14, Issue 10 (November 1976), pp.

2460-2473.

[2] Robert M. Wald, Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime and Black

Hole Thermodynamics (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), ISBN

0226870251, Section 7.3, pp. 182-185.

[3] John D. Barrow, Gregory J. Galloway and Frank J. Tipler, "The

closed-universe recollapse conjecture," Monthly Notices of the Royal

Astronomical Society, Vol. 223 (December 1986), pp. 835-844.

http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1986MNRAS.223..835B

[4] G. F. R. Ellis and D. H. Coule, "Life at the end of the

universe?," General Relativity and Gravitation, Vol. 26, No. 7 (July

1994), pp. 731-739.

[5] Frank J. Tipler, The Physics of Immortality: Modern Cosmology, God

and the Resurrection of the Dead (New York: Doubleday, 1994), ISBN

0198519494, Appendix C: "The Bekenstein Bound," pg. 410. Said Appendix

is reproduced in Frank J. Tipler, "Genesis: How the Universe Began

According to Standard Model Particle Physics," arXiv:astro-ph/0111520,

November 28, 2001, Section 2: "Apparent Inconsistences in the Physical

Laws in the Early Universe," Subsection a: "Bekenstein Bound

Inconsistent with Second Law of Thermodynamics."

http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0111520

[6] Frank J. Tipler, "Intelligent life in cosmology," International

Journal of Astrobiology, Vol. 2, Issue 2 (April 2003), pp. 141-148.

http://geocities.com/theophysics/tipler-intelligent-life-in-cosmology.pdf

Also at arXiv:0704.0058, March 31, 2007.

http://arxiv.org/abs/0704.0058

[7] S. W. Hawking and G. F. R. Ellis, The Large Scale Structure of

Space-Time (London: Cambridge University Press, 1973), ISBN

0521200164, pp. 217-221.

[8] Malcolm A. H. MacCallum, "On the mixmaster universe problem,"

Nature--Physical Science, Vol. 230 (March 1971), pp. 112-3.

[9] John D. Barrow, "Chaotic behaviour in general relativity," Physics

Reports, Vol. 85, Issue 1 (May 1982), pp. 1-49.

[10] John D. Barrow and Janna Levin, "Chaos in the Einstein-Yang-Mills

Equations," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 80, Issue 4 (January 1998),

pp. 656-659. Also at arXiv:gr-qc/9706065, June 20, 1997.

http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9706065

[11] Neil J. Cornish and Janna J. Levin, "Mixmaster universe: A

chaotic Farey tale," Physical Review D, Vol. 55, Issue 12 (June 1997),

pp. 7489-7510. Also at arXiv:gr-qc/9612066, December 30, 1996.

http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9612066

[12] Adilson E. Motter, "Relativistic Chaos is Coordinate Invariant,"

Physical Review Letters, Vol. 91, Issue 23, Art. No. 231101 (December

2003), four pages. Also at arXiv:gr-qc/0305020, December 7, 2003.

http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0305020

[13] Troy Shinbrot, Edward Ott, Celso Grebogi and James A. Yorke,

"Using chaos to direct trajectories to targets," Physical Review

Letters, Vol. 65, Issue 26 (December 1990), pp. 3215-3218.

[14] Troy Shinbrot, William Ditto, Celso Grebogi, Edward Ott, Mark

Spano and James A. Yorke, "Using the sensitive dependence of chaos

(the 'butterfly effect') to direct trajectories in an experimental

chaotic system," Physical Review Letters, Vol. 68, Issue 19 (May

1992), pp. 2863-2866.

[15] Charles W. Misner, "The Isotropy of the Universe," Astrophysical

Journal, Vol. 151 (February 1968), pp. 431-457.

http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1968ApJ...151..431M

[16] Charles W. Misner, "Quantum Cosmology. I," Physical Review, Vol.

186, Issue 5 (October 1969), pp. 1319-1327.

[17] Charles W. Misner, "Mixmaster Universe," Physical Review Letters,

Vol. 22, Issue 20 (May 1969), pp. 1071-1074.

[18] F. J. Tipler, "The structure of the world from pure numbers,"

Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 68, No. 4 (April 2005), pp.

897-964, Section 11. "Solution to the cosmological constant problem:

the universe and life in the far future."

http://math.tulane.edu/~tipler/theoryofeverything.pdf Also released as

"Feynman-Weinberg Quantum Gravity and the Extended Standard Model as a

Theory of Everything," arXiv:0704.3276, April 24, 2007.

http://arxiv.org/abs/0704.3276

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To find out what physicists have found out about God, read about

mathematical physicist Prof. Frank J. Tipler's Omega Point Theory (of

which first appeared in book-form in The Anthropic Cosmological

Principle [1986] co-written by leading astrophysicist Prof. John D.

Barrow along with Tipler, and of which said book received almost

universal praise by the science media) in the below short Wired

article:

Frank J. Tipler, "From 2100 to the End of Time," Wired.

http://geocities.com/theophysics/tipler-from-2100-to-the-end-of-time.html

The above article is the best short, popular-level introduction to the

Omega Point Theory.

For more on the technical reasons why the known laws of physics

require that the universe end in the Omega Point, see:

F. J. Tipler, "The structure of the world from pure numbers," Reports

on Progress in Physics, Vol. 68, No. 4 (April 2005), pp. 897-964.

http://math.tulane.edu/~tipler/theoryofeverything.pdf Also released as

"Feynman-Weinberg Quantum Gravity and the Extended Standard Model as a

Theory of Everything," arXiv:0704.3276, April 24, 2007.

http://arxiv.org/abs/0704.3276

The above paper also demonstrates that the correct quantum gravity

theory has existed since 1962, first discovered by Richard Feynman in

that year, and independently discovered by Steven Weinberg and Bryce

DeWitt, among others. But because these physicists were looking for

equations with a finite number of terms (i.e., derivatives no higher

than second order), they abandoned this qualitatively unique quantum

gravity theory since in order for it to be consistent it requires an

arbitrarily higher number of terms. Further, they didn't realize that

this proper theory of quantum gravity is consistent only with a

certain set of boundary conditions imposed (which includes the initial

Big Bang, and the final Omega Point, cosmological singularities). The

equations for this theory of quantum gravity are term-by-term finite,

but the same mechanism that forces each term in the series to be

finite also forces the entire series to be infinite (i.e., infinities

that would otherwise occur in spacetime, consequently destabilizing

it, are transferred to the cosmological singularities, thereby

preventing the universe from immediately collapsing into

nonexistence). As Tipler noted, "It is a fundamental mathematical fact

that this [infinite series] is the best that we can do. ... This is

somewhat analogous to Liouville's theorem in complex analysis, which

says that all analytic functions other than constants have

singularities either a finite distance from the origin of coordinates

or at infinity."

When combined with the Standard Model, the result is a Theory of

Everything (TOE) correctly describing and unifying all the forces in

physics.

The leading quantum physicist in the world, Prof. David Deutsch

(inventor of the quantum computer [being the first person to

mathematically describe such a device and the first to formulate a

specifically quantum computational algorithm], for which work he won

the Institute of Physics' 1998 Paul Dirac Medal and Prize), defends

Frank Tipler's Omega Point Theory in Chapter 14: "The Ends of the

Universe" in his excellent book The Fabric of Reality, of which

extracts from the chapter are available below with Frank Tipler's

replies to it:

David Deutsch, extracts from Chapter 14: "The Ends of the Universe" of

The Fabric of Reality: The Science of Parallel Universes--and Its

Implications (London: Allen Lane The Penguin Press, 1997), ISBN

0713990619; with additional comments by Frank J. Tipler.

http://geocities.com/theophysics/deutsch-ends-of-the-universe.html

http://www.math.tulane.edu/~tipler/physicist.html

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Physics Books Featuring the Omega Point Theory

In Order from Newest to Oldest

Frank J. Tipler, The Physics of Christianity (New York: Doubleday,

2007), ISBN 0385514247. Chapter I and excerpt from Chapter II:

http://www.randomhouse.com/catalog/display.pperl?isbn=9780385514248&view=excerpt

Chapter I also available here:

http://www.math.tulane.edu/~tipler/Chapter_1._Introduction.doc

David Deutsch, The Fabric of Reality: The Science of Parallel

Universes--and Its Implications (London: Allen Lane The Penguin Press,

1997), ISBN 0713990619. Extracts from Chapter 14: "The Ends of the

Universe," with additional comments by Frank J. Tipler:

http://geocities.com/theophysics/deutsch-ends-of-the-universe.html

Frank J. Tipler, The Physics of Immortality: Modern Cosmology, God and

the Resurrection of the Dead (New York: Doubleday, 1994), ISBN

0198519494. 56-page excerpt:

http://www.randomhouse.com/catalog/display.pperl?isbn=9780385467995

John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler, Foreword by John A. Wheeler, The

Anthropic Cosmological Principle (Oxford: Oxford University Press,

1986), ISBN 0198519494. Excerpt from Chapter 1:

http://www.dhushara.com/book/quantcos/anth/anth.htm

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Various Articles by Prof. Frank J. Tipler

A Non-Exhaustive List, in Order from Newest to Oldest

Below are search resources for finding physics articles by Prof. Frank

J. Tipler:

Smithsonian/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) search for articles by

Tipler:

http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-abs_connect?sim_query=YES&ned_query=YES&author=Tipler%2C+Frank&nr_to_return=800

University of Nottingham mirror search:

http://ukads.nottingham.ac.uk/cgi-bin/nph-abs_connect?sim_query=YES&ned_query=YES&author=Tipler%2C+Frank&nr_to_return=800

arXiv.org search for articles by Tipler:

http://arxiv.org/find/all/1/au:+Tipler/0/1/0/all/0/1?per_page=100

xxx.lanl.gov mirror search:

http://xxx.lanl.gov/find/all/1/au:+Tipler/0/1/0/all/0/1?per_page=100

Google Scholar search:

http://scholar.google.com/scholar?num=100&q=author:f-tipler

Below are links to various articles by Prof. Frank J. Tipler:

Frank Tipler, "Postmodern Physics: Colleges Fail to Teach Basics--Even

in Physics!," Clarion Call (John William Pope Center for Higher

Education Policy), May 16, 2007.

http://www.popecenter.org/clarion_call/article.html?id=1843

Frank J. Tipler, "The Value/Fact Distinction: Coase's Theorem Unifies

Normative and Positive Economics," Social Science Research Network

(SSRN), January 15, 2007. http://ssrn.com/abstract=959855

Maurice J. Dupr